feat: roadmap round two (2026-06-23) — per-pixel smart-lights + integrations

A) Per-pixel smart-lights
- LIFX multizone (SetExtendedColorZones msg 510, <=82 zones) + Tile
  (SetTileState64 715), auto-detected on connect with single-colour
  fallback; lifx_per_zone threaded like nanoleaf_per_panel
- Hue gradient-lightstrip mapping: Entertainment v2 frame now keyed by
  channel id (was 1 light=1 LED), channels discovered on connect;
  hue_gradient_mode toggle (default on)

B) Integrations bundle
- Outbound webhook automation action (Discord/IFTTT/Zapier/Node-RED),
  SSRF-gated via validate_polling_url at both save and fire time; fires
  on activate/deactivate, best-effort, audited
- Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery: read-only binary_sensors per
  automation + connectivity, availability via birth/will, cleanup on
  disable/delete, live state from the engine

Shared: pixel_reduce.resample_to_n nearest-neighbour helper.
57 new tests (lifx_multizone, hue_segment, webhook_action, ha_discovery).
Gate: ruff + tsc + build clean, pytest 2719 passed / 2 skipped.

server/src/ledgrab/api/routes/automations.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from ledgrab.api.dependencies import (
     get_scene_preset_store,
 )
 from ledgrab.api.schemas.automations import (
+    ActionSchema,
     AutomationCreate,
     AutomationListResponse,
     AutomationResponse,
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ from ledgrab.api.schemas.automations import (
 )
 from ledgrab.core.automations.automation_engine import AutomationEngine
 from ledgrab.storage.automation import (
+    Action,
     ApplicationRule,
     DisplayStateRule,
     HomeAssistantRule,
@@ -32,11 +34,13 @@ from ledgrab.storage.automation import (
     StartupRule,
     SystemIdleRule,
     TimeOfDayRule,
+    WebhookAction,
     WebhookRule,
 )
 from ledgrab.storage.automation_store import AutomationStore
 from ledgrab.storage.scene_preset_store import ScenePresetStore
 from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
+from ledgrab.utils.safe_source import validate_polling_url
 from ledgrab.storage.base_store import EntityNotFoundError
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
@@ -113,6 +117,38 @@ def _rule_to_schema(r: Rule) -> RuleSchema:
     return RuleSchema(**d)
 
 
+def _action_from_schema(s: ActionSchema) -> Action:
+    """Build a domain Action from its request schema, validating the webhook URL.
+
+    The SSRF gate runs here (save time) AND again at fire time, closing the
+    DNS-rebinding window. A bad/blocked URL rejects the whole save with 400.
+    """
+    if s.action_type != "webhook":
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown action type: {s.action_type}")
+    url = (s.webhook_url or "").strip()
+    if not url:
+        raise ValueError("webhook action requires a webhook_url")
+    method = (s.method or "POST").upper()
+    if method not in ("POST", "PUT", "GET"):
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid webhook method: {method}. Must be POST, PUT or GET.")
+    fire_on = s.fire_on or "activate"
+    if fire_on not in ("activate", "deactivate", "both"):
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid fire_on: {fire_on}. Must be activate, deactivate or both.")
+    # Raises HTTPException(400) on a blocked/loopback/metadata target.
+    validate_polling_url(url)
+    return WebhookAction(
+        webhook_url=url,
+        method=method,
+        body_template=s.body_template or "",
+        content_type=s.content_type or "application/json",
+        fire_on=fire_on,
+    )
+
+
+def _action_to_schema(a: Action) -> ActionSchema:
+    return ActionSchema(**a.to_dict())
+
+
 def _automation_to_response(
     automation, engine: AutomationEngine, request: Request = None
 ) -> AutomationResponse:
@@ -148,6 +184,7 @@ def _automation_to_response(
         last_activated_at=state.get("last_activated_at"),
         last_deactivated_at=state.get("last_deactivated_at"),
         tags=automation.tags,
+        actions=[_action_to_schema(a) for a in getattr(automation, "actions", [])],
         icon=getattr(automation, "icon", "") or "",
         icon_color=getattr(automation, "icon_color", "") or "",
         created_at=automation.created_at,
@@ -204,6 +241,7 @@ async def create_automation(
 
     try:
         rules = [_rule_from_schema(r) for r in data.rules]
+        actions = [_action_from_schema(a) for a in data.actions]
     except EntityNotFoundError as e:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(e))
 
@@ -219,6 +257,7 @@ async def create_automation(
         deactivation_mode=data.deactivation_mode,
         deactivation_scene_preset_id=data.deactivation_scene_preset_id,
         tags=data.tags,
+        actions=actions,
         icon=data.icon,
         icon_color=data.icon_color,
     )
@@ -301,6 +340,13 @@ async def update_automation(
         except ValueError as e:
             raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
 
+    actions = None
+    if data.actions is not None:
+        try:
+            actions = [_action_from_schema(a) for a in data.actions]
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
+
     try:
         # If disabling, deactivate first
         if data.enabled is False:
@@ -315,6 +361,7 @@ async def update_automation(
             rules=rules,
             deactivation_mode=data.deactivation_mode,
             tags=data.tags,
+            actions=actions,
             icon=data.icon,
             icon_color=data.icon_color,
         )

server/src/ledgrab/api/routes/devices.py

@@ -96,9 +96,11 @@ def _device_to_response(device) -> DeviceResponse:
         espnow_channel=device.espnow_channel,
         hue_paired=bool(device.hue_username and device.hue_client_key),
         hue_entertainment_group_id=device.hue_entertainment_group_id,
+        hue_gradient_mode=device.hue_gradient_mode,
         yeelight_min_interval_ms=device.yeelight_min_interval_ms,
         wiz_min_interval_ms=device.wiz_min_interval_ms,
         lifx_min_interval_ms=device.lifx_min_interval_ms,
+        lifx_per_zone=device.lifx_per_zone,
         govee_min_interval_ms=device.govee_min_interval_ms,
         opc_channel=device.opc_channel,
         nanoleaf_paired=bool(device.nanoleaf_token),
@@ -262,6 +264,9 @@ async def create_device(
             hue_username=device_data.hue_username or "",
             hue_client_key=device_data.hue_client_key or "",
             hue_entertainment_group_id=device_data.hue_entertainment_group_id or "",
+            hue_gradient_mode=(
+                device_data.hue_gradient_mode if device_data.hue_gradient_mode is not None else True
+            ),
             yeelight_min_interval_ms=(
                 device_data.yeelight_min_interval_ms
                 if device_data.yeelight_min_interval_ms is not None
@@ -277,6 +282,7 @@ async def create_device(
                 if device_data.lifx_min_interval_ms is not None
                 else 50
             ),
+            lifx_per_zone=bool(device_data.lifx_per_zone),
             govee_min_interval_ms=(
                 device_data.govee_min_interval_ms
                 if device_data.govee_min_interval_ms is not None
@@ -633,9 +639,11 @@ async def update_device(
             hue_username=update_data.hue_username,
             hue_client_key=update_data.hue_client_key,
             hue_entertainment_group_id=update_data.hue_entertainment_group_id,
+            hue_gradient_mode=update_data.hue_gradient_mode,
             yeelight_min_interval_ms=update_data.yeelight_min_interval_ms,
             wiz_min_interval_ms=update_data.wiz_min_interval_ms,
             lifx_min_interval_ms=update_data.lifx_min_interval_ms,
+            lifx_per_zone=update_data.lifx_per_zone,
             govee_min_interval_ms=update_data.govee_min_interval_ms,
             opc_channel=update_data.opc_channel,
             nanoleaf_token=update_data.nanoleaf_token,

server/src/ledgrab/api/routes/mqtt.py

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ def _to_response(source: MQTTSource, manager: MQTTManager) -> MQTTSourceResponse
         password_set=bool(source.password),
         client_id=source.client_id,
         base_topic=source.base_topic,
+        publish_ha_discovery=getattr(source, "publish_ha_discovery", False),
+        discovery_prefix=getattr(source, "discovery_prefix", "homeassistant"),
         connected=runtime.is_connected if runtime else False,
         description=source.description,
         tags=source.tags,
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ async def create_mqtt_source(
             password=data.password,
             client_id=data.client_id,
             base_topic=data.base_topic,
+            publish_ha_discovery=data.publish_ha_discovery,
+            discovery_prefix=data.discovery_prefix,
             description=data.description,
             tags=data.tags,
             icon=data.icon,
@@ -97,6 +101,8 @@ async def create_mqtt_source(
         )
     except ValueError as e:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
+    # Publish HA discovery if the new source opted in.
+    await manager.sync_discovery(source.id)
     fire_entity_event("mqtt_source", "created", source.id)
     return _to_response(source, manager)
 
@@ -141,6 +147,8 @@ async def update_mqtt_source(
             password=data.password,
             client_id=data.client_id,
             base_topic=data.base_topic,
+            publish_ha_discovery=data.publish_ha_discovery,
+            discovery_prefix=data.discovery_prefix,
             description=data.description,
             tags=data.tags,
             icon=data.icon,
@@ -151,6 +159,8 @@ async def update_mqtt_source(
     except ValueError as e:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
     await manager.update_source(source_id)
+    # Reconcile HA discovery (publish if enabled, clear if turned off).
+    await manager.sync_discovery(source_id)
     fire_entity_event("mqtt_source", "updated", source.id)
     return _to_response(source, manager)
 
@@ -162,6 +172,9 @@ async def delete_mqtt_source(
     store: MQTTSourceStore = Depends(get_mqtt_store),
     manager: MQTTManager = Depends(get_mqtt_manager),
 ):
+    # Clear any HA discovery configs (needs the source still present to build
+    # the exact retained topics) before deleting the row.
+    await manager.disable_discovery(source_id)
     try:
         store.delete_source(source_id)
     except EntityNotFoundError:

server/src/ledgrab/api/schemas/automations.py

@@ -108,6 +108,31 @@ class RuleSchema(BaseModel):
 ConditionSchema = RuleSchema
 
 
+class ActionSchema(BaseModel):
+    """A single outbound action fired alongside scene activation/deactivation."""
+
+    action_type: str = Field(description="Action type discriminator (e.g. 'webhook')")
+    # Webhook action fields
+    webhook_url: str | None = Field(
+        None, max_length=2048, description="Target URL for the webhook action"
+    )
+    method: str | None = Field(None, description="'POST', 'PUT', or 'GET' (for webhook action)")
+    body_template: str | None = Field(
+        None,
+        max_length=8192,
+        description=(
+            "Request body template (for webhook action). Tokens: {{automation_name}}, "
+            "{{automation_id}}, {{event}}, {{timestamp}}."
+        ),
+    )
+    content_type: str | None = Field(
+        None, description="Content-Type header for the webhook body (default application/json)"
+    )
+    fire_on: str | None = Field(
+        None, description="'activate', 'deactivate', or 'both' (for webhook action)"
+    )
+
+
 class AutomationCreate(BaseModel):
     """Request to create an automation."""
 
@@ -123,6 +148,9 @@ class AutomationCreate(BaseModel):
         None, description="Scene preset for fallback deactivation"
     )
     tags: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list, description="User-defined tags")
+    actions: List[ActionSchema] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, description="Outbound actions (e.g. webhooks)"
+    )
     icon: str | None = Field(
         None,
         max_length=64,
@@ -148,6 +176,7 @@ class AutomationUpdate(BaseModel):
         None, description="Scene preset for fallback deactivation"
     )
     tags: List[str] | None = None
+    actions: List[ActionSchema] | None = Field(None, description="Outbound actions (e.g. webhooks)")
     icon: str | None = Field(
         None,
         max_length=64,
@@ -172,6 +201,9 @@ class AutomationResponse(BaseModel):
     deactivation_mode: str = Field(default="none", description="Deactivation behavior")
     deactivation_scene_preset_id: str | None = Field(None, description="Fallback scene preset")
     tags: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list, description="User-defined tags")
+    actions: List[ActionSchema] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, description="Outbound actions (e.g. webhooks)"
+    )
     webhook_url: str | None = Field(
         None, description="Webhook URL for the first webhook rule (if any)"
     )

server/src/ledgrab/api/schemas/devices.py

@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ class DeviceCreate(BaseModel):
     hue_entertainment_group_id: str | None = Field(
         None, description="Hue entertainment group/zone ID"
     )
+    hue_gradient_mode: bool | None = Field(
+        None,
+        description="Map the strip across gradient-lightstrip channels vs one record per light",
+    )
     # Yeelight fields
     yeelight_min_interval_ms: int | None = Field(
         None,
@@ -80,6 +84,10 @@ class DeviceCreate(BaseModel):
         le=10000,
         description="LIFX client-side rate limit between commands in ms (default 50)",
     )
+    lifx_per_zone: bool | None = Field(
+        None,
+        description="Stream individual zones/tiles (multizone Z/Beam, Tile/Canvas) vs single colour",
+    )
     # Govee fields
     govee_min_interval_ms: int | None = Field(
         None,
@@ -198,6 +206,10 @@ class DeviceUpdate(BaseModel):
     hue_username: str | None = Field(None, description="Hue bridge username")
     hue_client_key: str | None = Field(None, description="Hue entertainment client key")
     hue_entertainment_group_id: str | None = Field(None, description="Hue entertainment group ID")
+    hue_gradient_mode: bool | None = Field(
+        None,
+        description="Map the strip across gradient-lightstrip channels vs one record per light",
+    )
     yeelight_min_interval_ms: int | None = Field(
         None, ge=0, le=10000, description="Yeelight client-side rate limit in ms"
     )
@@ -207,6 +219,9 @@ class DeviceUpdate(BaseModel):
     lifx_min_interval_ms: int | None = Field(
         None, ge=0, le=10000, description="LIFX client-side rate limit in ms"
     )
+    lifx_per_zone: bool | None = Field(
+        None, description="Stream individual zones/tiles (multizone/matrix) vs single colour"
+    )
     govee_min_interval_ms: int | None = Field(
         None, ge=0, le=10000, description="Govee client-side rate limit in ms"
     )
@@ -442,11 +457,19 @@ class DeviceResponse(BaseModel):
         ),
     )
     hue_entertainment_group_id: str = Field(default="", description="Hue entertainment group ID")
+    hue_gradient_mode: bool = Field(
+        default=True,
+        description="Map the strip across gradient-lightstrip channels vs one record per light",
+    )
     yeelight_min_interval_ms: int = Field(
         default=500, description="Yeelight client-side rate limit in ms"
     )
     wiz_min_interval_ms: int = Field(default=50, description="WiZ client-side rate limit in ms")
     lifx_min_interval_ms: int = Field(default=50, description="LIFX client-side rate limit in ms")
+    lifx_per_zone: bool = Field(
+        default=False,
+        description="Stream individual zones/tiles (multizone/matrix) vs single colour",
+    )
     govee_min_interval_ms: int = Field(default=50, description="Govee client-side rate limit in ms")
     opc_channel: int = Field(default=0, description="OPC channel (0 = broadcast to all)")
     nanoleaf_paired: bool = Field(

server/src/ledgrab/api/schemas/mqtt.py

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ class MQTTSourceCreate(BaseModel):
     password: str = Field(default="", description="Broker password (optional)")
     client_id: str = Field(default="ledgrab", description="MQTT client ID")
     base_topic: str = Field(default="ledgrab", description="Base topic prefix")
+    publish_ha_discovery: bool = Field(
+        default=False, description="Publish Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery configs"
+    )
+    discovery_prefix: str = Field(
+        default="homeassistant", description="HA MQTT discovery prefix (default 'homeassistant')"
+    )
     description: str | None = Field(None, description="Optional description", max_length=500)
     tags: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list, description="User-defined tags")
     icon: str | None = Field(
@@ -40,6 +46,10 @@ class MQTTSourceUpdate(BaseModel):
     password: str | None = Field(None, description="Broker password")
     client_id: str | None = Field(None, description="MQTT client ID")
     base_topic: str | None = Field(None, description="Base topic prefix")
+    publish_ha_discovery: bool | None = Field(
+        None, description="Publish Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery configs"
+    )
+    discovery_prefix: str | None = Field(None, description="HA MQTT discovery prefix")
     description: str | None = Field(None, description="Optional description", max_length=500)
     tags: List[str] | None = None
     icon: str | None = Field(
@@ -65,6 +75,8 @@ class MQTTSourceResponse(BaseModel):
     password_set: bool = Field(default=False, description="Whether a password is configured")
     client_id: str = Field(description="MQTT client ID")
     base_topic: str = Field(description="Base topic prefix")
+    publish_ha_discovery: bool = Field(default=False, description="HA MQTT discovery enabled")
+    discovery_prefix: str = Field(default="homeassistant", description="HA MQTT discovery prefix")
     connected: bool = Field(default=False, description="Whether the broker connection is active")
     description: str | None = Field(None, description="Description")
     tags: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list, description="User-defined tags")

server/src/ledgrab/core/automations/automation_engine.py

@@ -812,6 +812,8 @@ class AutomationEngine:
             # Record the activation too — a no-scene activation is still a
             # successful activation and must appear in the audit log.
             self._audit_activation(automation)
+            await self._fire_actions(automation, "activate")
+            await self._publish_mqtt_state(automation.id, True)
             return
 
         if not self._scene_preset_store or not self._target_store or not self._device_store:
@@ -858,6 +860,60 @@ class AutomationEngine:
 
         # Audit record — best-effort (shared helper, also used by no-scene path).
         self._audit_activation(automation)
+        await self._fire_actions(automation, "activate")
+        await self._publish_mqtt_state(automation.id, True)
+
+    async def _fire_actions(self, automation: Automation, event: str) -> None:
+        """Fire any outbound actions (e.g. webhooks) for this transition.
+
+        Best-effort and never raises into the activation path: a hung or
+        failing endpoint is logged/audited but must not stall the evaluation
+        loop or abort scene activation.
+        """
+        actions = getattr(automation, "actions", None)
+        if not actions:
+            return
+        from ledgrab.storage.automation import WebhookAction
+        from ledgrab.core.automations.webhook_action import fire_webhook_action, should_fire
+
+        for action in actions:
+            if not isinstance(action, WebhookAction) or not should_fire(action, event):
+                continue
+            try:
+                ok, err = await fire_webhook_action(action, automation, event)
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — defensive; fire is already best-effort
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Action fire raised for '%s': %s", automation.name, type(exc).__name__
+                )
+                ok, err = False, type(exc).__name__
+            self._audit_webhook(automation, event, ok, err)
+
+    def _audit_webhook(self, automation: Automation, event: str, ok: bool, err: str | None) -> None:
+        """Best-effort audit entry for a webhook fire (success or failure)."""
+        try:
+            from ledgrab.core.activity_log.recorder import get_module_recorder
+            from ledgrab.core.activity_log.sanitize import sanitize_display
+            from ledgrab.storage.activity_log import ActivityCategory, ActivitySeverity
+
+            rec = get_module_recorder()
+            if rec is None:
+                return
+            safe_name = sanitize_display(automation.name) if automation.name else automation.id
+            rec.record(
+                category=ActivityCategory.CAPTURE,
+                action="automation.webhook_fired",
+                severity=ActivitySeverity.INFO if ok else ActivitySeverity.WARNING,
+                actor="system",
+                entity_type="automation",
+                entity_id=automation.id,
+                entity_name=safe_name,
+                message=(
+                    f"Webhook for '{safe_name}' {'fired' if ok else 'failed'} on {event}"
+                    + ("" if ok else f" ({sanitize_display(err) if err else 'error'})")
+                ),
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            pass
 
     async def _apply_manual_scene(self, automation: Automation) -> tuple[str, list[str]]:
         """Apply the automation's scene once for a manual trigger.
@@ -987,6 +1043,22 @@ class AutomationEngine:
         except Exception:
             pass
 
+        # Fire any outbound deactivate actions (best-effort). Skipped when the
+        # automation was since-deleted (no actions to read).
+        if automation is not None:
+            await self._fire_actions(automation, "deactivate")
+        await self._publish_mqtt_state(automation_id, False)
+
+    async def _publish_mqtt_state(self, automation_id: str, active: bool) -> None:
+        """Best-effort publish of the automation's active state to HA discovery."""
+        mgr = self._mqtt_manager
+        if mgr is None or not hasattr(mgr, "publish_automation_state_all"):
+            return
+        try:
+            await mgr.publish_automation_state_all(automation_id, active)
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 — never raise into the engine
+            pass
+
     async def _deactivate_revert(self, automation_id: str) -> None:
         """Revert to pre-activation snapshot."""
         snapshot = self._pre_activation_snapshots.pop(automation_id, None)

server/src/ledgrab/core/automations/webhook_action.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""Outbound webhook action firing for the automation engine.
+
+When an automation activates or deactivates, any attached
+:class:`~ledgrab.storage.automation.WebhookAction` performs a best-effort
+outbound HTTP request (Discord / IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED / Home Assistant
+webhooks). Firing is fire-and-forget: a hung or failing endpoint is logged and
+audited but never raises into the activation path.
+
+Security: the target URL is SSRF-gated via :func:`validate_polling_url` (LAN
+allowed so users can hit Node-RED / HA on their own network; loopback,
+link-local / cloud-metadata, multicast and reserved ranges blocked) at **both**
+save time (in the route) and fire time (here) — re-validating at fire time
+closes the DNS-rebinding window. Redirects are not followed.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+import httpx
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+from ledgrab.storage.automation import Automation, WebhookAction
+from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
+from ledgrab.utils.safe_source import validate_polling_url
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+# A webhook must never stall the ~1 Hz evaluation loop.
+_WEBHOOK_TIMEOUT_S = 5.0
+
+
+def render_template(template: str, automation: Automation, event: str) -> str:
+    """Substitute the supported ``{{token}}`` placeholders in *template*.
+
+    Tokens: ``{{automation_name}}``, ``{{automation_id}}``, ``{{event}}``
+    (``activate``/``deactivate``), ``{{timestamp}}`` (ISO-8601 UTC). Unknown
+    tokens are left untouched.
+    """
+    replacements = {
+        "{{automation_name}}": automation.name,
+        "{{automation_id}}": automation.id,
+        "{{event}}": event,
+        "{{timestamp}}": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+    }
+    out = template
+    for token, value in replacements.items():
+        out = out.replace(token, value)
+    return out
+
+
+def should_fire(action: WebhookAction, event: str) -> bool:
+    """Whether *action* fires for this transition (``activate``/``deactivate``)."""
+    return action.fire_on == event or action.fire_on == "both"
+
+
+async def fire_webhook_action(
+    action: WebhookAction,
+    automation: Automation,
+    event: str,
+) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
+    """Fire a single webhook action. Best-effort: never raises.
+
+    Returns ``(ok, error)`` where ``ok`` is True on a 2xx response and
+    ``error`` is a short, secret-free reason on failure.
+    """
+    url = action.webhook_url.strip()
+    if not url:
+        return False, "no URL configured"
+
+    # Re-validate at fire time (DNS-rebinding window). HTTPException carries a
+    # 4xx detail; surface a short reason rather than raising into the engine.
+    try:
+        validate_polling_url(url)
+    except HTTPException as exc:
+        logger.warning("Webhook for '%s' blocked by SSRF policy: %s", automation.name, exc.detail)
+        return False, "blocked by SSRF policy"
+
+    body = render_template(action.body_template, automation, event)
+    headers = {"Content-Type": action.content_type or "application/json"}
+
+    try:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=_WEBHOOK_TIMEOUT_S, follow_redirects=False) as client:
+            kwargs: dict = {"headers": headers}
+            # Only attach a body for write methods with content to send.
+            if action.method in ("POST", "PUT") and body:
+                kwargs["content"] = body.encode("utf-8")
+            response = await client.request(action.method, url, **kwargs)
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — never propagate into activation
+        # Never log the rendered body or the exception repr (may carry the URL
+        # with embedded secrets) — the type name is enough to diagnose.
+        logger.warning("Webhook for '%s' failed: %s", automation.name, type(exc).__name__)
+        return False, f"request failed: {type(exc).__name__}"
+
+    ok = 200 <= response.status_code < 300
+    if not ok:
+        logger.warning("Webhook for '%s' returned HTTP %d", automation.name, response.status_code)
+        return False, f"HTTP {response.status_code}"
+    logger.info(
+        "Webhook for '%s' fired on %s (HTTP %d)", automation.name, event, response.status_code
+    )
+    return True, None

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/device_config.py

@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ class HueConfig(BaseDeviceConfig):
     hue_username: str = ""
     hue_client_key: str = ""
     hue_entertainment_group_id: str = ""
+    # Map the strip across the entertainment configuration's channels
+    # (gradient-lightstrip segments) instead of one record per light.
+    hue_gradient_mode: bool = True
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -115,6 +118,8 @@ class LIFXConfig(BaseDeviceConfig):
 
     device_type: Literal["lifx"] = "lifx"
     lifx_min_interval_ms: int = 50
+    # Per-zone/tile streaming (Z/Beam multizone, Tile/Canvas matrix) vs single colour.
+    lifx_per_zone: bool = False
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/hue_client.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from typing import List, Tuple
 import numpy as np
 
 from ledgrab.core.devices.led_client import DeviceHealth, LEDClient
+from ledgrab.core.devices.pixel_reduce import resample_to_n
 from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
@@ -24,15 +25,40 @@ COLOR_SPACE_RGB = 0x00
 HEADER_SIZE = 16
 
 
+def parse_entertainment_channels(config_json: dict) -> List[int]:
+    """Extract ordered channel ids from an entertainment_configuration GET.
+
+    Entertainment API v2 keys stream records by *channel*, not by light. A
+    plain bulb contributes one channel; a gradient lightstrip contributes up
+    to five (one per segment). We order channels left-to-right by their
+    spatial ``position`` (x then y) so a strip maps across the segments in
+    physical order. Channels without a position fall back to channel-id order.
+    """
+    data = config_json.get("data") or []
+    if not data:
+        return []
+    channels = data[0].get("channels") or []
+
+    def _key(c: dict) -> tuple:
+        pos = c.get("position") or {}
+        return (pos.get("x", 0.0), pos.get("y", 0.0), c.get("channel_id", 0))
+
+    ordered = sorted(channels, key=_key)
+    return [int(c["channel_id"]) for c in ordered if "channel_id" in c]
+
+
 def _build_entertainment_frame(
-    lights: List[Tuple[int, int, int]],
+    colors: List[Tuple[int, int, int]],
     brightness: int = 255,
     sequence: int = 0,
+    channel_ids: List[int] | None = None,
 ) -> bytes:
     """Build a Hue Entertainment API v2 UDP frame.
 
-    Each light gets 7 bytes: [light_id(2B)][R(2B)][G(2B)][B(2B)]
+    Each record is 7 bytes: [channel_id(1B)][R(2B)][G(2B)][B(2B)]. Colors are
-    Colors are 16-bit (0-65535). We scale 8-bit RGB + brightness.
+    16-bit (0-65535). Record ``i`` is keyed by ``channel_ids[i]`` when a
+    channel map is supplied (gradient-segment mode); otherwise it falls back
+    to the 0-based index (one light = one channel, the legacy behaviour).
     """
     # Header
     header = bytearray(HEADER_SIZE)
@@ -45,15 +71,15 @@ def _build_entertainment_frame(
     header[14] = COLOR_SPACE_RGB
     header[15] = 0x00  # reserved
 
-    # Light data
+    # Channel data
     # Note: brightness already applied by processor loop (_cached_brightness)
     data = bytearray()
-    for idx, (r, g, b) in enumerate(lights):
+    for idx, (r, g, b) in enumerate(colors):
-        light_id = idx  # 0-based light index in entertainment group
+        channel_id = channel_ids[idx] if channel_ids and idx < len(channel_ids) else idx
         r16 = int(r * 257)  # scale 0-255 to 0-65535
         g16 = int(g * 257)
         b16 = int(b * 257)
-        data += struct.pack(">BHHH", light_id, r16, g16, b16)
+        data += struct.pack(">BHHH", channel_id & 0xFF, r16, g16, b16)
 
     return bytes(header) + bytes(data)
 
@@ -62,7 +88,11 @@ class HueClient(LEDClient):
     """LED client for Philips Hue Entertainment API streaming.
 
     Uses UDP (optionally DTLS) to stream color data at ~25 fps to a Hue
-    entertainment group. Each light in the group is treated as one "LED".
+    entertainment group. In ``gradient_mode`` (the default) the client
+    discovers the entertainment configuration's *channels* on connect and
+    maps the strip across them, so a gradient lightstrip shows a gradient
+    instead of a single averaged colour. With gradient mode off (or if
+    discovery fails) it falls back to one record per light by index.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -72,6 +102,7 @@ class HueClient(LEDClient):
         hue_username: str = "",
         hue_client_key: str = "",
         hue_entertainment_group_id: str = "",
+        gradient_mode: bool = True,
         **kwargs,
     ):
         self._bridge_ip = url.replace("hue://", "").rstrip("/")
@@ -79,15 +110,55 @@ class HueClient(LEDClient):
         self._username = hue_username
         self._client_key = hue_client_key
         self._group_id = hue_entertainment_group_id
+        self._gradient_mode = gradient_mode
+        self._channel_ids: List[int] = []
         self._sock: socket.socket | None = None
         self._connected = False
         self._sequence = 0
         self._dtls_sock = None
 
+    @property
+    def device_led_count(self) -> int | None:
+        # In gradient mode the discovered channel count is authoritative.
+        if self._gradient_mode and self._channel_ids:
+            return len(self._channel_ids)
+        return self._led_count or None
+
+    async def _fetch_channels(self) -> None:
+        """Best-effort discovery of the entertainment configuration channels."""
+        import httpx
+
+        url = (
+            f"https://{self._bridge_ip}/clip/v2/resource/"
+            f"entertainment_configuration/{self._group_id}"
+        )
+        headers = {"hue-application-key": self._username}
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(verify=False, timeout=5.0) as client:
+            resp = await client.get(url, headers=headers)
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+            self._channel_ids = parse_entertainment_channels(resp.json())
+        if self._channel_ids:
+            logger.info(
+                "Hue %s: mapped strip across %d channels", self._bridge_ip, len(self._channel_ids)
+            )
+
     async def connect(self) -> bool:
         # Activate entertainment streaming via REST API
         await self._activate_streaming(True)
 
+        # Best-effort channel discovery for gradient-segment mapping. On any
+        # failure (old bridge, network) we degrade to legacy 1-light-1-record.
+        if self._gradient_mode:
+            try:
+                await self._fetch_channels()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — degrade, never fail connect
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Hue %s: channel discovery failed, using per-light mapping (%s)",
+                    self._bridge_ip,
+                    exc,
+                )
+                self._channel_ids = []
+
         # Open UDP socket for entertainment streaming
         self._sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         self._sock.setblocking(False)
@@ -179,12 +250,19 @@ class HueClient(LEDClient):
         if not self._connected:
             return
 
-        if isinstance(pixels, np.ndarray):
+        # Resample the strip to the number of addressable elements: the
-            light_colors = [tuple(pixels[i]) for i in range(min(len(pixels), self._led_count))]
+        # discovered channel count in gradient mode, else the configured
-        else:
+        # light count. ``resample_to_n`` spreads the strip spatially and
-            light_colors = pixels[: self._led_count]
+        # handles both the np.ndarray and list-of-tuples inputs.
+        target = len(self._channel_ids) if self._channel_ids else self._led_count
+        colors = resample_to_n(pixels, target)
 
-        frame = _build_entertainment_frame(light_colors, brightness, self._sequence)
+        frame = _build_entertainment_frame(
+            colors,
+            brightness,
+            self._sequence,
+            channel_ids=self._channel_ids or None,
+        )
         self._sequence = (self._sequence + 1) & 0xFF
 
         try:

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/hue_provider.py

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ class HueDeviceProvider(LEDDeviceProvider):
             hue_username=config.hue_username,
             hue_client_key=config.hue_client_key,
             hue_entertainment_group_id=config.hue_entertainment_group_id,
+            gradient_mode=getattr(config, "hue_gradient_mode", True),
         )
 
     async def check_health(self, url: str, http_client, prev_health=None) -> DeviceHealth:

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/lifx_client.py

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import numpy as np
 
 from ledgrab.core.devices.led_client import DeviceHealth, LEDClient
 from ledgrab.core.devices.pixel_reduce import average_color as _average_color
+from ledgrab.core.devices.pixel_reduce import resample_to_n
 from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
@@ -41,6 +42,21 @@ MSG_GET_SERVICE = 2
 MSG_STATE_SERVICE = 3
 MSG_SET_POWER = 21
 MSG_SET_COLOR = 102
+# Multizone (Z / Beam) and matrix (Tile / Canvas) per-pixel messages.
+MSG_GET_COLOR_ZONES = 502
+MSG_STATE_ZONE = 503
+MSG_STATE_MULTIZONE = 506
+MSG_SET_EXTENDED_COLOR_ZONES = 510
+MSG_GET_DEVICE_CHAIN = 701
+MSG_STATE_DEVICE_CHAIN = 702
+MSG_SET_TILE_STATE_64 = 715
+
+_EXT_ZONE_MAX = 82  # SetExtendedColorZones carries a fixed 82-slot HSBK array
+_TILE_PIXELS = 64  # SetTileState64 always carries 64 HSBK
+_TILE_STRUCT_SIZE = 55  # bytes per Tile struct in StateDeviceChain
+_TILE_CHAIN_MAX = 16  # StateDeviceChain always lists 16 tile slots
+# Apply field for zone writes: 0=NO_APPLY (buffer), 1=APPLY, 2=APPLY_ONLY
+_ZONE_APPLY = 1
 
 # Frame field byte 0 of the protocol header: tagged=1, addressable=1, protocol=1024
 _FRAME_TAGGED = 0x3400
@@ -142,6 +158,105 @@ def _build_set_power_payload(on: bool, duration_ms: int = 0) -> bytes:
     return struct.pack("<HI", 65535 if on else 0, duration_ms & 0xFFFFFFFF)
 
 
+def _build_get_color_zones_payload(start: int = 0, end: int = 255) -> bytes:
+    """GetColorZones (502) payload: start_index(1) | end_index(1)."""
+    return struct.pack("<BB", start & 0xFF, end & 0xFF)
+
+
+def _pack_hsbk_array(hsbk_list: List[Tuple[int, int, int, int]], slots: int) -> bytes:
+    """Pack a fixed-length HSBK array, zero-padding unused slots.
+
+    Both SetExtendedColorZones (82 slots) and SetTileState64 (64 slots)
+    carry a fixed-size color array regardless of how many are in use.
+    """
+    body = bytearray()
+    for h, s, b, k in hsbk_list[:slots]:
+        body += struct.pack("<HHHH", h & 0xFFFF, s & 0xFFFF, b & 0xFFFF, k & 0xFFFF)
+    used = min(len(hsbk_list), slots)
+    body += b"\x00" * (8 * (slots - used))
+    return bytes(body)
+
+
+def _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload(
+    hsbk_list: List[Tuple[int, int, int, int]],
+    *,
+    duration_ms: int = 0,
+    apply: int = _ZONE_APPLY,
+    zone_index: int = 0,
+) -> bytes:
+    """SetExtendedColorZones (510): duration(4)|apply(1)|zone_index(2)|count(1)|82×HSBK."""
+    count = min(len(hsbk_list), _EXT_ZONE_MAX)
+    header = struct.pack(
+        "<IBHB", duration_ms & 0xFFFFFFFF, apply & 0xFF, zone_index & 0xFFFF, count & 0xFF
+    )
+    return header + _pack_hsbk_array(hsbk_list, _EXT_ZONE_MAX)
+
+
+def _build_set_tile_state64_payload(
+    hsbk_list: List[Tuple[int, int, int, int]],
+    *,
+    tile_index: int = 0,
+    x: int = 0,
+    y: int = 0,
+    width: int = 8,
+    duration_ms: int = 0,
+) -> bytes:
+    """SetTileState64 (715): tile_index|length|reserved|x|y|width|duration(4)|64×HSBK."""
+    header = struct.pack(
+        "<BBBBBBI",
+        tile_index & 0xFF,
+        1,  # length: number of tiles this packet addresses
+        0,  # reserved
+        x & 0xFF,
+        y & 0xFF,
+        width & 0xFF,
+        duration_ms & 0xFFFFFFFF,
+    )
+    return header + _pack_hsbk_array(hsbk_list, _TILE_PIXELS)
+
+
+def _parse_multizone_reply(raw: bytes) -> dict | None:
+    """Parse StateZone (503) / StateMultiZone (506) → ``{"count", "index"}``.
+
+    ``count`` is the device's *total* zone count; ``index`` is where this
+    packet's run starts. Returns ``None`` for any other message type.
+    """
+    if len(raw) < 36 + 2:
+        return None
+    msg_type = struct.unpack_from("<H", raw, 32)[0]
+    if msg_type not in (MSG_STATE_ZONE, MSG_STATE_MULTIZONE):
+        return None
+    count, index = struct.unpack_from("<BB", raw, 36)
+    return {"count": int(count), "index": int(index)}
+
+
+def _parse_state_device_chain(raw: bytes) -> dict | None:
+    """Parse StateDeviceChain (702) → ``{"start_index", "tiles": [(w, h), ...]}``.
+
+    Payload: start_index(1) | 16 × Tile(55 bytes) | tile_devices_count(1).
+    Within each 55-byte Tile struct, ``width`` is byte 16 and ``height``
+    byte 17 (after accel int16×4 + user_x/user_y float32×2). Returns ``None``
+    for any other message type.
+    """
+    min_len = 36 + 1 + _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE * _TILE_CHAIN_MAX + 1
+    if len(raw) < min_len:
+        return None
+    msg_type = struct.unpack_from("<H", raw, 32)[0]
+    if msg_type != MSG_STATE_DEVICE_CHAIN:
+        return None
+    payload_off = 36
+    start_index = raw[payload_off]
+    count_off = payload_off + 1 + _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE * _TILE_CHAIN_MAX
+    total = min(raw[count_off], _TILE_CHAIN_MAX)
+    tiles: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
+    for i in range(total):
+        base = payload_off + 1 + i * _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE
+        width = raw[base + 16]
+        height = raw[base + 17]
+        tiles.append((int(width), int(height)))
+    return {"start_index": int(start_index), "tiles": tiles}
+
+
 def _parse_state_service_reply(raw: bytes) -> dict | None:
     """Parse a LIFX StateService (discovery) reply.
 
@@ -163,15 +278,25 @@ def _parse_state_service_reply(raw: bytes) -> dict | None:
 
 
 class _LIFXProtocol(asyncio.DatagramProtocol):
-    """Write-only datagram protocol. Inbound replies dropped silently."""
+    """Datagram protocol that buffers inbound replies for zone/tile discovery.
+
+    The streaming hot path never reads replies, but per-zone setup needs the
+    StateMultiZone / StateDeviceChain answers. The buffer is bounded so a
+    chatty bulb can't grow it without limit during steady-state streaming.
+    """
+
+    _MAX_BUFFER = 64
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.transport: asyncio.DatagramTransport | None = None
+        self.received: list[bytes] = []
 
     def connection_made(self, transport):
         self.transport = transport
 
     def datagram_received(self, data, addr):
-        # LIFX bulbs sometimes echo back state on broadcast. We don't need it
+        if len(self.received) < self._MAX_BUFFER:
-        # for streaming ambilight — discard.
+            self.received.append(bytes(data))
-        pass
 
     def error_received(self, exc):
         logger.debug("LIFX UDP error: %s", exc)
@@ -186,6 +311,7 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
         led_count: int = 1,
         *,
         min_interval_s: float = DEFAULT_MIN_INTERVAL_S,
+        per_zone: bool = False,
     ):
         host, port = parse_lifx_url(url)
         self._host = host
@@ -197,6 +323,12 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
         self._connected = False
         self._next_tx_at: float = 0.0
         self._sequence: int = 0
+        # Per-pixel state. ``_mode`` is "single" until connect() probes the
+        # device and finds multizone (Z/Beam) or tile (matrix) support.
+        self._per_zone = per_zone
+        self._mode = "single"  # "single" | "multizone" | "tile"
+        self._zone_count = 0
+        self._tiles: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
 
     @property
     def host(self) -> str:
@@ -212,6 +344,12 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
 
     @property
     def device_led_count(self) -> int | None:
+        # In per-zone streaming the device's addressable element count is
+        # authoritative (zones for multizone, total pixels for tiles).
+        if self._mode == "multizone" and self._zone_count:
+            return self._zone_count
+        if self._mode == "tile" and self._tiles:
+            return sum(w * h for w, h in self._tiles)
         return self._led_count or None
 
     async def connect(self) -> bool:
@@ -227,9 +365,56 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
         self._transport = transport
         self._protocol = protocol  # type: ignore[assignment]
         self._connected = True
-        logger.info("LIFXClient connected to %s:%d", self._host, self._port)
+        if self._per_zone:
+            # Best-effort: probe for multizone / tile support. On timeout or
+            # an old single-colour bulb we silently stay in single-colour mode.
+            try:
+                await self._setup_zones()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — degrade, never fail connect
+                logger.warning(
+                    "LIFX %s: per-zone setup failed, using single colour (%s)", self._host, exc
+                )
+                self._mode = "single"
+        logger.info(
+            "LIFXClient connected to %s:%d (per_zone=%s, mode=%s)",
+            self._host,
+            self._port,
+            self._per_zone,
+            self._mode,
+        )
         return True
 
+    async def _setup_zones(self) -> None:
+        """Probe the device for multizone / tile support and pick a mode.
+
+        Sends GetColorZones + GetDeviceChain and waits briefly for whichever
+        reply the device returns (a strip answers StateMultiZone; a tile chain
+        answers StateDeviceChain). Leaves ``_mode`` at "single" if neither.
+        """
+        if self._protocol is None:
+            return
+        self._protocol.received.clear()
+        self._send(MSG_GET_DEVICE_CHAIN, b"")
+        self._send(MSG_GET_COLOR_ZONES, _build_get_color_zones_payload())
+        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        deadline = loop.time() + 0.6
+        while loop.time() < deadline:
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+            for raw in list(self._protocol.received):
+                chain = _parse_state_device_chain(raw)
+                if chain and chain["tiles"]:
+                    self._tiles = chain["tiles"]
+                    self._mode = "tile"
+                    logger.info("LIFX %s: tile chain (%d tiles)", self._host, len(self._tiles))
+                    return
+                zones = _parse_multizone_reply(raw)
+                if zones and zones["count"] > 1:
+                    self._zone_count = min(zones["count"], _EXT_ZONE_MAX)
+                    self._mode = "multizone"
+                    logger.info("LIFX %s: multizone (%d zones)", self._host, self._zone_count)
+                    return
+        self._mode = "single"
+
     async def close(self) -> None:
         if self._transport is not None:
             try:
@@ -255,25 +440,63 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
         )
         self._transport.sendto(packet)
 
+    def _hsbk_list(
+        self,
+        pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]] | np.ndarray,
+        n: int,
+        scale: float,
+    ) -> List[Tuple[int, int, int, int]]:
+        """Resample the strip to ``n`` pixels and convert each to HSBK."""
+        out: List[Tuple[int, int, int, int]] = []
+        for r, g, b in resample_to_n(pixels, n):
+            if scale != 1.0:
+                r, g, b = int(r * scale), int(g * scale), int(b * scale)
+            out.append(rgb_to_hsbk(r, g, b))
+        return out
+
+    def _emit_pixels(
+        self,
+        pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]] | np.ndarray,
+        brightness: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Build and send the packet(s) for the current mode (single/zone/tile)."""
+        scale = max(0, min(255, brightness)) / 255.0 if brightness < 255 else 1.0
+        if self._mode == "multizone" and self._zone_count > 0:
+            hsbk = self._hsbk_list(pixels, self._zone_count, scale)
+            self._send(MSG_SET_EXTENDED_COLOR_ZONES, _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload(hsbk))
+            return
+        if self._mode == "tile" and self._tiles:
+            total = sum(w * h for w, h in self._tiles)
+            full = self._hsbk_list(pixels, total, scale)
+            offset = 0
+            for ti, (w, h) in enumerate(self._tiles):
+                n = w * h
+                chunk = full[offset : offset + n]
+                offset += n
+                self._send(
+                    MSG_SET_TILE_STATE_64,
+                    _build_set_tile_state64_payload(chunk, tile_index=ti, width=w),
+                )
+            return
+        # Single-colour fallback (every non-multizone/tile bulb).
+        r, g, b = _average_color(pixels)
+        if scale != 1.0:
+            r, g, b = int(r * scale), int(g * scale), int(b * scale)
+        h, s, br, k = rgb_to_hsbk(r, g, b)
+        self._send(MSG_SET_COLOR, _build_set_color_payload(h, s, br, k, duration_ms=0))
+
     async def send_pixels(
         self,
         pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]] | np.ndarray,
         brightness: int = 255,
     ) -> bool:
-        """Average the strip → HSBK → SetColor."""
+        """Stream per-zone/tile when detected, else average the strip → SetColor."""
         if not self.is_connected:
             raise RuntimeError("LIFXClient not connected")
         now = time.monotonic()
         if now < self._next_tx_at:
             return True
-        r, g, b = _average_color(pixels)
+        self._emit_pixels(pixels, brightness)
-        if brightness < 255:
-            scale = max(0, min(255, brightness)) / 255.0
-            r = int(r * scale)
-            g = int(g * scale)
-            b = int(b * scale)
-        h, s, br, k = rgb_to_hsbk(r, g, b)
-        self._send(MSG_SET_COLOR, _build_set_color_payload(h, s, br, k, duration_ms=0))
         self._next_tx_at = now + self._min_interval_s
         return True
 
@@ -288,14 +511,7 @@ class LIFXClient(LEDClient):
         now = time.monotonic()
         if now < self._next_tx_at:
             return
-        r, g, b = _average_color(pixels)
+        self._emit_pixels(pixels, brightness)
-        if brightness < 255:
-            scale = max(0, min(255, brightness)) / 255.0
-            r = int(r * scale)
-            g = int(g * scale)
-            b = int(b * scale)
-        h, s, br, k = rgb_to_hsbk(r, g, b)
-        self._send(MSG_SET_COLOR, _build_set_color_payload(h, s, br, k, duration_ms=0))
         self._next_tx_at = now + self._min_interval_s
 
     @property

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/lifx_provider.py

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class LIFXDeviceProvider(LEDDeviceProvider):
             config.device_url,
             led_count=config.led_count,
             min_interval_s=max(0.0, config.lifx_min_interval_ms / 1000.0),
+            per_zone=getattr(config, "lifx_per_zone", False),
         )
 
     async def check_health(self, url: str, http_client, prev_health=None) -> DeviceHealth:

server/src/ledgrab/core/devices/pixel_reduce.py

@@ -40,3 +40,29 @@ def average_color(
         total_b += b
     n = len(pixels)
     return total_r // n, total_g // n, total_b // n
+
+
+def resample_to_n(
+    pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]] | np.ndarray,
+    n: int,
+) -> List[Tuple[int, int, int]]:
+    """Nearest-neighbour resample an N-pixel strip to exactly ``n`` pixels.
+
+    Output pixel ``i`` of ``n`` samples input pixel ``floor(i * N / n)``, so
+    the strip spreads spatially across a multi-element device (LIFX zones/
+    tiles, Nanoleaf panels, Hue segments). Black is returned for an empty
+    strip; ``n <= 0`` yields an empty list.
+    """
+    if n <= 0:
+        return []
+    arr = np.asarray(pixels, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(-1, 3)
+    n_pix = len(arr)
+    out: List[Tuple[int, int, int]] = []
+    for i in range(n):
+        if n_pix == 0:
+            out.append((0, 0, 0))
+            continue
+        idx = min(n_pix - 1, (i * n_pix) // n)
+        px = arr[idx]
+        out.append((int(px[0]), int(px[1]), int(px[2])))
+    return out

server/src/ledgrab/core/mqtt/ha_discovery.py

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+"""Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery publisher.
+
+When an :class:`~ledgrab.storage.mqtt_source.MQTTSource` has
+``publish_ha_discovery`` enabled, this publishes retained
+``<discovery_prefix>/<component>/<node_id>/<object_id>/config`` topics so an
+MQTT-only Home Assistant install gets LedGrab entities automatically — no YAML.
+
+Scope (read-only telemetry): a ``binary_sensor`` per automation (active /
+inactive) plus a connectivity ``binary_sensor`` for LedGrab itself, all tied to
+the broker's birth/will ``<base_topic>/status`` availability topic. This is
+deliberately one-way (LedGrab → HA): there is no inbound command surface, so it
+adds no new attack surface. Controllable ``light``/``switch`` entities (HA →
+LedGrab) are a documented follow-up.
+
+Cleanup: disabling discovery or deleting the source publishes an empty retained
+payload to every previously-published config topic, so HA drops the entities
+rather than leaving orphans behind forever.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ledgrab.core.mqtt.mqtt_runtime import MQTTRuntime
+    from ledgrab.storage.automation_store import AutomationStore
+    from ledgrab.storage.mqtt_source import MQTTSource
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def _node_id(source_id: str) -> str:
+    """Namespace every entity by source so multiple brokers don't collide."""
+    return f"ledgrab_{source_id}"
+
+
+class HADiscoveryPublisher:
+    """Builds and publishes HA discovery configs for one MQTT runtime."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        runtime: "MQTTRuntime",
+        source: "MQTTSource",
+        automation_store: "AutomationStore",
+        version: str = "",
+    ) -> None:
+        self._runtime = runtime
+        self._source = source
+        self._automation_store = automation_store
+        self._version = version
+        self._base = source.base_topic
+        self._prefix = source.discovery_prefix or "homeassistant"
+        # Config topics we have published, so remove_all() can clear exactly them.
+        self._published: set[str] = set()
+
+    # ── Config builders (pure — unit tested) ──────────────────────
+
+    def _device_block(self) -> dict:
+        return {
+            "identifiers": [_node_id(self._source.id)],
+            "name": "LedGrab",
+            "manufacturer": "LedGrab",
+            "model": "Ambient",
+            "sw_version": self._version or "unknown",
+        }
+
+    def _config_topic(self, component: str, object_id: str) -> str:
+        return f"{self._prefix}/{component}/{_node_id(self._source.id)}/{object_id}/config"
+
+    def build_connectivity_config(self) -> tuple[str, dict]:
+        """A connectivity ``binary_sensor`` reflecting LedGrab's birth/will."""
+        sid = self._source.id
+        topic = self._config_topic("binary_sensor", "connectivity")
+        payload = {
+            "unique_id": f"ledgrab_{sid}_connectivity",
+            "name": "LedGrab",
+            "device_class": "connectivity",
+            "state_topic": f"{self._base}/status",
+            "payload_on": "online",
+            "payload_off": "offline",
+            "device": self._device_block(),
+        }
+        return topic, payload
+
+    def build_automation_config(self, automation) -> tuple[str, dict]:
+        """A ``binary_sensor`` reflecting an automation's active state."""
+        sid = self._source.id
+        topic = self._config_topic("binary_sensor", f"automation_{automation.id}")
+        payload = {
+            "unique_id": f"ledgrab_{sid}_automation_{automation.id}",
+            "name": automation.name,
+            "state_topic": f"{self._base}/automation/{automation.id}/state",
+            "value_template": "{{ value_json.action }}",
+            "payload_on": "active",
+            "payload_off": "inactive",
+            "availability_topic": f"{self._base}/status",
+            "payload_available": "online",
+            "payload_not_available": "offline",
+            "device": self._device_block(),
+        }
+        return topic, payload
+
+    # ── Publish / remove ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def publish_all(self) -> None:
+        """Publish (retained) every discovery config + an initial state snapshot."""
+        topic, payload = self.build_connectivity_config()
+        await self._runtime.publish(topic, json.dumps(payload), retain=True)
+        self._published.add(topic)
+
+        count = 0
+        for automation in self._automation_store.get_all():
+            topic, payload = self.build_automation_config(automation)
+            await self._runtime.publish(topic, json.dumps(payload), retain=True)
+            self._published.add(topic)
+            # Seed an initial "inactive" state; the engine flips it live on the
+            # next activate/deactivate transition.
+            await self._runtime.publish_automation_state(automation.id, "inactive")
+            count += 1
+        logger.info(
+            "HA discovery published for source %s: %d automation sensor(s) + connectivity",
+            self._source.id,
+            count,
+        )
+
+    async def remove_all(self) -> None:
+        """Clear every previously-published config (empty retained payload)."""
+        for topic in list(self._published):
+            await self._runtime.publish(topic, "", retain=True)
+        # Also clear automations that may have been published in a prior run but
+        # since deleted — recompute the current set and clear those too.
+        topic, _ = self.build_connectivity_config()
+        await self._runtime.publish(topic, "", retain=True)
+        for automation in self._automation_store.get_all():
+            topic, _ = self.build_automation_config(automation)
+            await self._runtime.publish(topic, "", retain=True)
+        self._published.clear()
+        logger.info("HA discovery removed for source %s", self._source.id)

server/src/ledgrab/core/mqtt/mqtt_manager.py

@@ -22,10 +22,20 @@ class MQTTManager:
     Multiple consumers share the same runtime via acquire/release.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, store: MQTTSourceStore) -> None:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        store: MQTTSourceStore,
+        automation_store=None,
+        version: str = "",
+    ) -> None:
         self._store = store
+        # Optional deps for HA discovery publishing (injected from main.py).
+        self._automation_store = automation_store
+        self._version = version
         # source_id -> (runtime, ref_count)
         self._runtimes: Dict[str, tuple] = {}
+        # Sources for which we hold a discovery acquire() reference.
+        self._discovery_sources: set[str] = set()
         self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
 
     async def acquire(self, source_id: str) -> MQTTRuntime:
@@ -100,6 +110,86 @@ class MQTTManager:
         except Exception as e:
             logger.warning("Failed to update MQTT runtime %s: %s", source_id, e)
 
+    # ===== Home Assistant MQTT discovery =====
+
+    def _make_publisher(self, runtime: MQTTRuntime, source):
+        from ledgrab.core.mqtt.ha_discovery import HADiscoveryPublisher
+
+        return HADiscoveryPublisher(runtime, source, self._automation_store, version=self._version)
+
+    async def bootstrap_discovery(self) -> None:
+        """On startup, ensure a runtime + publish discovery for every enabled source."""
+        if self._automation_store is None:
+            return
+        for source in self._store.get_all():
+            if getattr(source, "publish_ha_discovery", False):
+                try:
+                    await self.ensure_discovery(source.id)
+                except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — best-effort bootstrap
+                    logger.warning("HA discovery bootstrap failed for %s: %s", source.id, exc)
+
+    async def ensure_discovery(self, source_id: str) -> None:
+        """Hold a runtime open for *source_id* and publish its discovery configs.
+
+        Idempotent: a second call re-publishes (configs are retained) without
+        leaking a second acquire reference.
+        """
+        if self._automation_store is None:
+            return
+        try:
+            source = self._store.get(source_id)
+        except Exception:
+            return
+        if not getattr(source, "publish_ha_discovery", False):
+            return
+        first_time = source_id not in self._discovery_sources
+        if first_time:
+            runtime = await self.acquire(source_id)
+            self._discovery_sources.add(source_id)
+        else:
+            runtime = self.get_runtime(source_id)
+            if runtime is None:
+                return
+        await self._make_publisher(runtime, source).publish_all()
+
+    async def disable_discovery(self, source_id: str) -> None:
+        """Clear a source's discovery configs and drop our runtime reference."""
+        if source_id not in self._discovery_sources:
+            return
+        runtime = self.get_runtime(source_id)
+        if runtime is not None:
+            try:
+                source = self._store.get(source_id)
+                await self._make_publisher(runtime, source).remove_all()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — best-effort cleanup
+                logger.warning("HA discovery cleanup failed for %s: %s", source_id, exc)
+        self._discovery_sources.discard(source_id)
+        await self.release(source_id)
+
+    async def sync_discovery(self, source_id: str) -> None:
+        """Reconcile discovery state after a source is created/updated."""
+        try:
+            source = self._store.get(source_id)
+        except Exception:
+            return
+        if getattr(source, "publish_ha_discovery", False):
+            await self.ensure_discovery(source_id)
+        else:
+            await self.disable_discovery(source_id)
+
+    async def publish_automation_state_all(self, automation_id: str, active: bool) -> None:
+        """Fan an automation's active state out to every discovery-enabled runtime."""
+        if not self._discovery_sources:
+            return
+        action = "active" if active else "inactive"
+        for source_id in list(self._discovery_sources):
+            runtime = self.get_runtime(source_id)
+            if runtime is not None:
+                try:
+                    await runtime.publish_automation_state(automation_id, action)
+                except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 — never raise into the engine
+                    pass
+
     def get_connection_status(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
         """Get status of all active MQTT connections (for dashboard indicators)."""
         result = []

server/src/ledgrab/main.py

@@ -180,7 +180,9 @@ weather_manager = WeatherManager(weather_source_store)
 ha_store = HomeAssistantStore(db)
 ha_manager = HomeAssistantManager(ha_store)
 mqtt_source_store = MQTTSourceStore(db)
-mqtt_manager = MQTTManager(mqtt_source_store)
+mqtt_manager = MQTTManager(
+    mqtt_source_store, automation_store=automation_store, version=__version__
+)
 http_endpoint_store = HTTPEndpointStore(db)
 audio_processing_template_store = AudioProcessingTemplateStore(db)
 game_integration_store = GameIntegrationStore(db)
@@ -424,6 +426,9 @@ async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
     # Start automation engine (evaluates conditions and activates scenes)
     await automation_engine.start()
 
+    # Publish Home Assistant MQTT discovery for any source that opted in.
+    await mqtt_manager.bootstrap_discovery()
+
     # Start auto-backup engine (periodic configuration backups)
     await auto_backup_engine.start()
 

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/features/automations.ts

@@ -126,6 +126,10 @@ class AutomationEditorModal extends Modal {
             deactivationMode: (document.getElementById('automation-deactivation-mode') as HTMLSelectElement).value,
             deactivationScenePresetId: (document.getElementById('automation-fallback-scene-id') as HTMLSelectElement).value,
             tags: JSON.stringify(_automationTagsInput ? _automationTagsInput.getValue() : []),
+            actionUrl: (document.getElementById('automation-action-webhook-url') as HTMLInputElement)?.value || '',
+            actionMethod: (document.getElementById('automation-action-method') as HTMLSelectElement)?.value || '',
+            actionFireOn: (document.getElementById('automation-action-fire-on') as HTMLSelectElement)?.value || '',
+            actionBody: (document.getElementById('automation-action-body') as HTMLTextAreaElement)?.value || '',
         };
     }
 }
@@ -533,7 +537,18 @@ function createAutomationCard(automation: Automation, sceneMap = new Map()) {
         });
     }
 
-    const chipsHtml = `<div class="mod-chips">${ruleChain}${_chainArrow('→')}${sceneChipHtml}${deactivationHtml}</div>`;
+    // ── Optional webhook-action chip — shows when an outbound webhook fires. ──
+    let actionHtml = '';
+    const _webhook = (automation.actions || []).find((a: any) => a.action_type === 'webhook');
+    if (_webhook && _webhook.webhook_url) {
+        actionHtml = _chainArrow('→') + _chipHtml({
+            icon: ICON_WEB,
+            text: t('automations.action.webhook'),
+            title: t(`automations.action.fire_on.${_webhook.fire_on || 'activate'}`),
+        });
+    }
+
+    const chipsHtml = `<div class="mod-chips">${ruleChain}${_chainArrow('→')}${sceneChipHtml}${deactivationHtml}${actionHtml}</div>`;
 
     // ── State surfaces: LED + patch indicator ──
     // Active = blink (live signal); Enabled-but-idle = off (waiting);
@@ -633,6 +648,7 @@ export async function openAutomationEditor(automationId?: any, cloneData?: any)
 
     _ensureRuleLogicIconSelect();
     _ensureDeactivationModeIconSelect();
+    _ensureActionIconSelects();
 
     // Fetch scenes for selector
     try {
@@ -643,6 +659,8 @@ export async function openAutomationEditor(automationId?: any, cloneData?: any)
     (document.getElementById('automation-deactivation-mode') as HTMLSelectElement).value = 'none';
     if (_deactivationModeIconSelect) _deactivationModeIconSelect.setValue('none');
     (document.getElementById('automation-fallback-scene-group') as HTMLElement).style.display = 'none';
+    // Reset webhook action fields (overwritten below for edit/clone).
+    _loadAutomationAction([]);
 
     let _editorTags: any[] = [];
 
@@ -670,6 +688,7 @@ export async function openAutomationEditor(automationId?: any, cloneData?: any)
             if (_deactivationModeIconSelect) _deactivationModeIconSelect.setValue(deactMode);
             _onDeactivationModeChange();
             _initSceneSelector('automation-fallback-scene-id', automation.deactivation_scene_preset_id);
+            _loadAutomationAction(automation.actions || []);
             _editorTags = automation.tags || [];
         } catch (e: any) {
             showToast(e.message, 'error');
@@ -698,6 +717,7 @@ export async function openAutomationEditor(automationId?: any, cloneData?: any)
         if (_deactivationModeIconSelect) _deactivationModeIconSelect.setValue(cloneDeactMode);
         _onDeactivationModeChange();
         _initSceneSelector('automation-fallback-scene-id', cloneData.deactivation_scene_preset_id);
+        _loadAutomationAction(cloneData.actions || []);
         _editorTags = cloneData.tags || [];
     } else {
         titleEl!.innerHTML = `${ICON_AUTOMATION} ${t('automations.add')}`;
@@ -712,6 +732,8 @@ export async function openAutomationEditor(automationId?: any, cloneData?: any)
 
     // Wire up deactivation mode change
     (document.getElementById('automation-deactivation-mode') as HTMLSelectElement).onchange = _onDeactivationModeChange;
+    // Wire up webhook URL → show/hide the rest of the action fields
+    (document.getElementById('automation-action-webhook-url') as HTMLInputElement).oninput = _onActionUrlChange;
 
     // Auto-name wiring
     _autoNameManuallyEdited = !!(automationId || cloneData);
@@ -805,6 +827,56 @@ function _ensureDeactivationModeIconSelect() {
     _deactivationModeIconSelect = new IconSelect({ target: sel, items, columns: 3 } as any);
 }
 
+// ── Webhook action selectors (method + fire_on) ──
+let _actionMethodIconSelect: any = null;
+let _actionFireOnIconSelect: any = null;
+const _ACTION_METHOD_ICONS: any = { POST: P.send, PUT: P.code, GET: P.globe };
+const _ACTION_FIRE_ON_ICONS: any = { activate: P.play, deactivate: P.undo2, both: P.zap };
+
+function _ensureActionIconSelects() {
+    const methodSel = document.getElementById('automation-action-method');
+    if (methodSel && !_actionMethodIconSelect) {
+        const items = ['POST', 'PUT', 'GET'].map(k => ({
+            value: k,
+            icon: _icon(_ACTION_METHOD_ICONS[k]),
+            label: k,
+        }));
+        _actionMethodIconSelect = new IconSelect({ target: methodSel, items, columns: 3 } as any);
+    }
+    const fireSel = document.getElementById('automation-action-fire-on');
+    if (fireSel && !_actionFireOnIconSelect) {
+        const items = ['activate', 'deactivate', 'both'].map(k => ({
+            value: k,
+            icon: _icon(_ACTION_FIRE_ON_ICONS[k]),
+            label: t(`automations.action.fire_on.${k}`),
+        }));
+        _actionFireOnIconSelect = new IconSelect({ target: fireSel, items, columns: 3 } as any);
+    }
+}
+
+// Show the method/fire_on/body fields only once a webhook URL is present.
+function _onActionUrlChange() {
+    const url = (document.getElementById('automation-action-webhook-url') as HTMLInputElement)?.value.trim() || '';
+    const fields = document.getElementById('automation-action-fields');
+    if (fields) (fields as HTMLElement).style.display = url ? '' : 'none';
+}
+
+// Populate the webhook action fields from an automation's first webhook action.
+function _loadAutomationAction(actions: any[]) {
+    const webhook = (actions || []).find((a: any) => a.action_type === 'webhook') || null;
+    const urlEl = document.getElementById('automation-action-webhook-url') as HTMLInputElement;
+    const methodEl = document.getElementById('automation-action-method') as HTMLSelectElement;
+    const fireEl = document.getElementById('automation-action-fire-on') as HTMLSelectElement;
+    const bodyEl = document.getElementById('automation-action-body') as HTMLTextAreaElement;
+    if (urlEl) urlEl.value = webhook?.webhook_url || '';
+    if (methodEl) methodEl.value = webhook?.method || 'POST';
+    if (_actionMethodIconSelect) _actionMethodIconSelect.setValue(webhook?.method || 'POST');
+    if (fireEl) fireEl.value = webhook?.fire_on || 'activate';
+    if (_actionFireOnIconSelect) _actionFireOnIconSelect.setValue(webhook?.fire_on || 'activate');
+    if (bodyEl) bodyEl.value = webhook?.body_template || '';
+    _onActionUrlChange();
+}
+
 // ===== Condition editor =====
 
 export function addAutomationRule() {
@@ -1562,6 +1634,15 @@ export async function saveAutomationEditor() {
         return;
     }
 
+    const actionUrl = (document.getElementById('automation-action-webhook-url') as HTMLInputElement)?.value.trim() || '';
+    const actions = actionUrl ? [{
+        action_type: 'webhook',
+        webhook_url: actionUrl,
+        method: (document.getElementById('automation-action-method') as HTMLSelectElement)?.value || 'POST',
+        fire_on: (document.getElementById('automation-action-fire-on') as HTMLSelectElement)?.value || 'activate',
+        body_template: (document.getElementById('automation-action-body') as HTMLTextAreaElement)?.value || '',
+    }] : [];
+
     const body = {
         name,
         enabled: enabledInput.checked,
@@ -1571,6 +1652,7 @@ export async function saveAutomationEditor() {
         deactivation_mode: (document.getElementById('automation-deactivation-mode') as HTMLSelectElement).value,
         deactivation_scene_preset_id: (document.getElementById('automation-fallback-scene-id') as HTMLSelectElement).value || null,
         tags: _automationTagsInput ? _automationTagsInput.getValue() : [],
+        actions,
     };
 
     const automationId = idInput.value;

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/features/device-discovery.ts

@@ -1010,6 +1010,8 @@ export function showAddDevice(presetType: any = null, cloneData: any = null) {
             if (lmi && cloneData.lifx_min_interval_ms != null) {
                 lmi.value = String(cloneData.lifx_min_interval_ms);
             }
+            const lpz = document.getElementById('device-lifx-per-zone') as HTMLInputElement | null;
+            if (lpz) lpz.checked = !!cloneData.lifx_per_zone;
         }
         // Prefill Nanoleaf fields (clone only carries the rate limit — the
         // token is not exposed in /devices responses, so a cloned device
@@ -1231,6 +1233,7 @@ export async function handleAddDevice(event: any) {
             body.hue_username = (document.getElementById('device-hue-username') as HTMLInputElement)?.value || '';
             body.hue_client_key = (document.getElementById('device-hue-client-key') as HTMLInputElement)?.value || '';
             body.hue_entertainment_group_id = (document.getElementById('device-hue-group-id') as HTMLInputElement)?.value || '';
+            body.hue_gradient_mode = (document.getElementById('device-hue-gradient-mode') as HTMLInputElement | null)?.checked ?? true;
         }
         if (isYeelightDevice(deviceType)) {
             const raw = (document.getElementById('device-yeelight-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement)?.value;
@@ -1246,6 +1249,7 @@ export async function handleAddDevice(event: any) {
             const raw = (document.getElementById('device-lifx-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement)?.value;
             const parsed = parseInt(raw || '50', 10);
             body.lifx_min_interval_ms = Number.isFinite(parsed) ? parsed : 50;
+            body.lifx_per_zone = (document.getElementById('device-lifx-per-zone') as HTMLInputElement | null)?.checked || false;
         }
         if (isGoveeDevice(deviceType)) {
             const raw = (document.getElementById('device-govee-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement)?.value;
@@ -1614,7 +1618,7 @@ function _showEspnowFields(show: boolean) {
 }
 
 function _showHueFields(show: boolean) {
-    const ids = ['device-hue-username-group', 'device-hue-client-key-group', 'device-hue-group-id-group'];
+    const ids = ['device-hue-username-group', 'device-hue-client-key-group', 'device-hue-group-id-group', 'device-hue-gradient-mode-group'];
     ids.forEach(id => {
         const el = document.getElementById(id) as HTMLElement;
         if (el) el.style.display = show ? '' : 'none';
@@ -1639,6 +1643,8 @@ function _showWizFields(show: boolean) {
 function _showLifxFields(show: boolean) {
     const el = document.getElementById('device-lifx-min-interval-group') as HTMLElement | null;
     if (el) el.style.display = show ? '' : 'none';
+    const pz = document.getElementById('device-lifx-per-zone-group') as HTMLElement | null;
+    if (pz) pz.style.display = show ? '' : 'none';
 }
 
 function _showGoveeFields(show: boolean) {

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/features/devices.ts

@@ -701,10 +701,14 @@ export async function showSettings(deviceId: any) {
         // (HSBK averaged from the strip). LIFX recommends ≤20 cmd/sec per
         // device; default 50 ms matches that ceiling.
         const lifxMinIntervalGroup = document.getElementById('settings-lifx-min-interval-group');
+        const lifxPerZoneGroup = document.getElementById('settings-lifx-per-zone-group');
         if (isLifxDevice(device.device_type)) {
             if (lifxMinIntervalGroup) (lifxMinIntervalGroup as HTMLElement).style.display = '';
             const lmi = device.lifx_min_interval_ms ?? 50;
             (document.getElementById('settings-lifx-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement).value = String(lmi);
+            if (lifxPerZoneGroup) (lifxPerZoneGroup as HTMLElement).style.display = '';
+            const lpzEl = document.getElementById('settings-lifx-per-zone') as HTMLInputElement | null;
+            if (lpzEl) lpzEl.checked = !!device.lifx_per_zone;
             // Relabel URL field as IP Address (same pattern as WiZ/Yeelight/DMX/DDP)
             const urlLabel6 = urlGroup.querySelector('label[for="settings-device-url"]') as HTMLElement | null;
             const urlHint6 = urlGroup.querySelector('.input-hint') as HTMLElement | null;
@@ -713,6 +717,7 @@ export async function showSettings(deviceId: any) {
             urlInput.placeholder = t('device.lifx.url.placeholder') || '192.168.1.50';
         } else {
             if (lifxMinIntervalGroup) (lifxMinIntervalGroup as HTMLElement).style.display = 'none';
+            if (lifxPerZoneGroup) (lifxPerZoneGroup as HTMLElement).style.display = 'none';
         }
 
         // Govee-specific fields — 2023+ LAN API over UDP fire-and-forget
@@ -927,6 +932,7 @@ export async function saveDeviceSettings() {
             const raw = (document.getElementById('settings-lifx-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement | null)?.value;
             const parsed = parseInt(raw || '50', 10);
             body.lifx_min_interval_ms = Number.isFinite(parsed) ? parsed : 50;
+            body.lifx_per_zone = (document.getElementById('settings-lifx-per-zone') as HTMLInputElement | null)?.checked || false;
         }
         if (isGoveeDevice(settingsModal.deviceType)) {
             const raw = (document.getElementById('settings-govee-min-interval') as HTMLInputElement | null)?.value;

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/features/mqtt-sources.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ class MQTTSourceModal extends Modal {
             base_topic: (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-base-topic') as HTMLInputElement).value,
             description: (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-description') as HTMLInputElement).value,
             tags: JSON.stringify(_mqttTagsInput ? _mqttTagsInput.getValue() : []),
+            haDiscovery: (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-ha-discovery') as HTMLInputElement)?.checked.toString() || 'false',
+            discoveryPrefix: (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-discovery-prefix') as HTMLInputElement)?.value || '',
         };
     }
 }
@@ -79,6 +81,8 @@ export async function showMQTTSourceModal(editData: MQTTSource | null = null): P
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-password') as HTMLInputElement).value = '';  // never expose
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-client-id') as HTMLInputElement).value = editData.client_id || 'ledgrab';
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-base-topic') as HTMLInputElement).value = editData.base_topic || 'ledgrab';
+        (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-ha-discovery') as HTMLInputElement).checked = !!editData.publish_ha_discovery;
+        (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-discovery-prefix') as HTMLInputElement).value = editData.discovery_prefix || 'homeassistant';
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-description') as HTMLInputElement).value = editData.description || '';
     } else {
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-name') as HTMLInputElement).value = '';
@@ -88,9 +92,20 @@ export async function showMQTTSourceModal(editData: MQTTSource | null = null): P
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-password') as HTMLInputElement).value = '';
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-client-id') as HTMLInputElement).value = 'ledgrab';
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-base-topic') as HTMLInputElement).value = 'ledgrab';
+        (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-ha-discovery') as HTMLInputElement).checked = false;
+        (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-discovery-prefix') as HTMLInputElement).value = 'homeassistant';
         (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-description') as HTMLInputElement).value = '';
     }
 
+    // Show the discovery-prefix field only while discovery is enabled.
+    const _discoveryToggle = document.getElementById('mqtt-source-ha-discovery') as HTMLInputElement;
+    const _syncDiscoveryPrefix = () => {
+        const grp = document.getElementById('mqtt-source-discovery-prefix-group');
+        if (grp) (grp as HTMLElement).style.display = _discoveryToggle?.checked ? '' : 'none';
+    };
+    if (_discoveryToggle) _discoveryToggle.onchange = _syncDiscoveryPrefix;
+    _syncDiscoveryPrefix();
+
     // Tags
     if (_mqttTagsInput) { _mqttTagsInput.destroy(); _mqttTagsInput = null; }
     _mqttTagsInput = new TagInput(document.getElementById('mqtt-source-tags-container'), { placeholder: t('tags.placeholder') });
@@ -125,6 +140,8 @@ export async function saveMQTTSource(): Promise<void> {
     const password = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-password') as HTMLInputElement).value;
     const client_id = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-client-id') as HTMLInputElement).value.trim() || 'ledgrab';
     const base_topic = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-base-topic') as HTMLInputElement).value.trim() || 'ledgrab';
+    const publish_ha_discovery = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-ha-discovery') as HTMLInputElement).checked;
+    const discovery_prefix = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-discovery-prefix') as HTMLInputElement).value.trim() || 'homeassistant';
     const description = (document.getElementById('mqtt-source-description') as HTMLInputElement).value.trim() || null;
 
     if (!name) {
@@ -138,6 +155,7 @@ export async function saveMQTTSource(): Promise<void> {
 
     const payload: Record<string, any> = {
         name, broker_port, username, client_id, base_topic, description,
+        publish_ha_discovery, discovery_prefix,
         tags: _mqttTagsInput ? _mqttTagsInput.getValue() : [],
     };
     if (broker_host) payload.broker_host = broker_host;

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/types/automation.ts

@@ -48,6 +48,15 @@ export interface AutomationRule {
     value?: string;
 }
 
+export interface AutomationAction {
+    action_type: 'webhook';
+    webhook_url?: string;
+    method?: 'POST' | 'PUT' | 'GET';
+    body_template?: string;
+    content_type?: string;
+    fire_on?: 'activate' | 'deactivate' | 'both';
+}
+
 export interface Automation {
     id: string;
     name: string;
@@ -58,6 +67,7 @@ export interface Automation {
     deactivation_mode: 'none' | 'revert' | 'fallback_scene';
     deactivation_scene_preset_id?: string;
     tags: string[];
+    actions?: AutomationAction[];
     webhook_url?: string;
     is_active: boolean;
     last_activated_at?: string;

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/types/device.ts

@@ -38,9 +38,11 @@ export interface Device {
     espnow_channel: number;
     hue_paired: boolean;
     hue_entertainment_group_id: string;
+    hue_gradient_mode?: boolean;
     yeelight_min_interval_ms: number;
     wiz_min_interval_ms: number;
     lifx_min_interval_ms: number;
+    lifx_per_zone?: boolean;
     govee_min_interval_ms: number;
     nanoleaf_paired: boolean;
     nanoleaf_min_interval_ms: number;

server/src/ledgrab/static/js/types/mqtt.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ export interface MQTTSource {
     password_set: boolean;
     client_id: string;
     base_topic: string;
+    publish_ha_discovery?: boolean;
+    discovery_prefix?: string;
     connected: boolean;
     description?: string;
     tags: string[];

server/src/ledgrab/static/locales/en.json

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@
     "activity_log.msg.audit_log.disabled":  "Activity logging disabled",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.activated":  "Automation '{name}' activated",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.deactivated":  "Automation '{name}' deactivated",
+    "activity_log.msg.automation.webhook_fired":  "Webhook for '{name}' fired",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.triggered":  "Automation '{name}' manually triggered",
     "activity_log.msg.server.shutting_down":  "Server shutting down",
     "activity_log.msg.server.restarting":  "Server restart requested",
@@ -498,6 +499,18 @@
     "automations.scene.search_placeholder":  "Search scenes...",
     "automations.section.action":  "Action",
     "automations.section.deactivation":  "Deactivation",
+    "automations.section.action":  "Webhook",
+    "automations.action.webhook":  "Webhook",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url":  "Webhook URL:",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url.hint":  "Optional. POST to a Discord / IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED URL when this automation fires. LAN addresses are allowed; loopback and cloud-metadata are blocked. Leave empty for no webhook.",
+    "automations.action.method":  "Method:",
+    "automations.action.fire_on":  "Fire on:",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.activate":  "When activated",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.deactivate":  "When deactivated",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.both":  "Both",
+    "automations.action.body_template":  "Body template:",
+    "automations.action.body_template.hint":  "JSON body for POST/PUT. Tokens: {{automation_name}}, {{automation_id}}, {{event}}, {{timestamp}}.",
+    "automations.error.invalid_webhook_url":  "Invalid or blocked webhook URL.",
     "automations.section.triggers":  "Triggers",
     "automations.status.active":  "Active",
     "automations.status.disabled":  "Disabled",
@@ -1364,6 +1377,8 @@
     "device.hue.client_key.hint":  "Entertainment API client key (hex string from pairing)",
     "device.hue.group_id":  "Entertainment Group:",
     "device.hue.group_id.hint":  "Entertainment configuration ID from your Hue bridge",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode":  "Map across segments:",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode.hint":  "Spread the strip across a gradient lightstrip's segments (channels) instead of one averaged colour per light. Auto-detected on connect; plain bulbs are unaffected.",
     "device.hue.url":  "Bridge IP:",
     "device.hue.url.hint":  "IP address of your Hue bridge",
     "device.hue.username":  "Bridge Username:",
@@ -1513,6 +1528,8 @@
     "device.lifx.url.placeholder":  "192.168.1.50",
     "device.lifx_min_interval":  "Min Update Interval:",
     "device.lifx_min_interval.hint":  "Client-side rate limit between commands in ms. LIFX recommends ≤20 cmd/sec; default 50 ms matches that ceiling.",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone":  "Per-zone streaming:",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone.hint":  "Address individual zones (Z/Beam multizone) or pixels (Tile/Canvas matrix) instead of one averaged colour. Auto-detected on connect; older bulbs fall back to single colour.",
     "device.metrics.actual_fps":  "Actual FPS",
     "device.metrics.current_fps":  "Current FPS",
     "device.metrics.device_fps":  "Device refresh rate",
@@ -2089,6 +2106,9 @@
     "mqtt_source.add":  "Add MQTT Source",
     "mqtt_source.base_topic":  "Base Topic:",
     "mqtt_source.base_topic.hint":  "Prefix for status and state topics, e.g. ledgrab/status",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery":  "Home Assistant discovery:",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery.hint":  "Publish homeassistant/.../config topics so MQTT-only Home Assistant installs get LedGrab automation + connectivity entities automatically.",
+    "mqtt_source.discovery_prefix":  "Discovery prefix:",
     "mqtt_source.broker_host":  "Broker Host:",
     "mqtt_source.broker_host.hint":  "MQTT broker hostname or IP address, e.g. 192.168.1.100",
     "mqtt_source.broker_port":  "Port:",

server/src/ledgrab/static/locales/ru.json

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
     "activity_log.msg.audit_log.disabled":  "Запись активности отключена",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.activated":  "Автоматизация '{name}' активирована",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.deactivated":  "Автоматизация '{name}' деактивирована",
+    "activity_log.msg.automation.webhook_fired":  "Вебхук для '{name}' отправлен",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.triggered":  "Автоматизация '{name}' запущена вручную",
     "activity_log.msg.server.shutting_down":  "Сервер выключается",
     "activity_log.msg.server.restarting":  "Запрошен перезапуск сервера",
@@ -491,6 +492,18 @@
     "automations.scene.search_placeholder":  "Поиск сцен...",
     "automations.section.action":  "Действие",
     "automations.section.deactivation":  "Деактивация",
+    "automations.section.action":  "Вебхук",
+    "automations.action.webhook":  "Вебхук",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url":  "URL вебхука:",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url.hint":  "Необязательно. Отправлять POST-запрос на URL Discord / IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED при срабатывании автоматизации. Локальные (LAN) адреса разрешены; loopback и метаданные облака заблокированы. Оставьте пустым, чтобы отключить вебхук.",
+    "automations.action.method":  "Метод:",
+    "automations.action.fire_on":  "Срабатывать при:",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.activate":  "При активации",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.deactivate":  "При деактивации",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.both":  "В обоих случаях",
+    "automations.action.body_template":  "Шаблон тела:",
+    "automations.action.body_template.hint":  "Тело JSON для POST/PUT. Токены: {{automation_name}}, {{automation_id}}, {{event}}, {{timestamp}}.",
+    "automations.error.invalid_webhook_url":  "Недопустимый или заблокированный URL вебхука.",
     "automations.section.triggers":  "Триггеры",
     "automations.status.active":  "Активна",
     "automations.status.disabled":  "Отключена",
@@ -1286,6 +1299,11 @@
     "device.hue.client_key.hint":  "Entertainment API client key (hex string from pairing)",
     "device.hue.group_id":  "Entertainment Group:",
     "device.hue.group_id.hint":  "Entertainment configuration ID from your Hue bridge",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode":  "Распределить по сегментам:",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode.hint":  "Распределить ленту по сегментам (каналам) градиентной ленты вместо одного усреднённого цвета на лампу. Определяется автоматически при подключении; обычные лампы не затрагиваются.",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery":  "Обнаружение Home Assistant:",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery.hint":  "Публиковать топики homeassistant/.../config, чтобы установки Home Assistant только с MQTT автоматически получали сущности автоматизаций и подключения LedGrab.",
+    "mqtt_source.discovery_prefix":  "Префикс обнаружения:",
     "device.hue.url":  "Bridge IP:",
     "device.hue.url.hint":  "IP address of your Hue bridge",
     "device.hue.username":  "Bridge Username:",
@@ -1435,6 +1453,8 @@
     "device.lifx.url.placeholder":  "192.168.1.50",
     "device.lifx_min_interval":  "Мин. интервал обновления:",
     "device.lifx_min_interval.hint":  "Локальный лимит частоты команд (мс). LIFX рекомендует ≤20 команд/сек; по умолчанию 50 мс соответствует этому потолку.",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone":  "Потоковая передача по зонам:",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone.hint":  "Адресовать отдельные зоны (мультизона Z/Beam) или пиксели (матрица Tile/Canvas) вместо одного усреднённого цвета. Определяется автоматически при подключении; старые лампы переходят на одиночный цвет.",
     "device.metrics.actual_fps":  "Факт. FPS",
     "device.metrics.current_fps":  "Текущ. FPS",
     "device.metrics.device_fps":  "Частота обновления устройства",

server/src/ledgrab/static/locales/zh.json

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@
     "activity_log.msg.audit_log.disabled":  "活动记录已禁用",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.activated":  "自动化 '{name}' 已激活",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.deactivated":  "自动化 '{name}' 已停用",
+    "activity_log.msg.automation.webhook_fired":  "已为 '{name}' 发送 webhook",
     "activity_log.msg.automation.triggered":  "已手动触发自动化 '{name}'",
     "activity_log.msg.server.shutting_down":  "服务器正在关闭",
     "activity_log.msg.server.restarting":  "已请求服务器重启",
@@ -490,6 +491,18 @@
     "automations.scene.search_placeholder":  "搜索场景...",
     "automations.section.action":  "动作",
     "automations.section.deactivation":  "停用",
+    "automations.section.action":  "Webhook",
+    "automations.action.webhook":  "Webhook",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url":  "Webhook URL：",
+    "automations.action.webhook_url.hint":  "可选。当此自动化触发时向 Discord / IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED 的 URL 发送 POST。允许局域网地址；回环和云元数据被阻止。留空则不发送 webhook。",
+    "automations.action.method":  "方法：",
+    "automations.action.fire_on":  "触发时机：",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.activate":  "激活时",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.deactivate":  "停用时",
+    "automations.action.fire_on.both":  "两者",
+    "automations.action.body_template":  "正文模板：",
+    "automations.action.body_template.hint":  "POST/PUT 的 JSON 正文。令牌：{{automation_name}}、{{automation_id}}、{{event}}、{{timestamp}}。",
+    "automations.error.invalid_webhook_url":  "无效或被阻止的 webhook URL。",
     "automations.section.triggers":  "触发器",
     "automations.status.active":  "活动",
     "automations.status.disabled":  "已禁用",
@@ -1283,6 +1296,11 @@
     "device.hue.client_key.hint":  "Entertainment API client key (hex string from pairing)",
     "device.hue.group_id":  "Entertainment Group:",
     "device.hue.group_id.hint":  "Entertainment configuration ID from your Hue bridge",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode":  "跨分段映射：",
+    "device.hue_gradient_mode.hint":  "将灯带分布到渐变灯带的各分段（通道），而不是每个灯具一个平均色。连接时自动检测；普通灯泡不受影响。",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery":  "Home Assistant 发现：",
+    "mqtt_source.ha_discovery.hint":  "发布 homeassistant/.../config 主题，使仅使用 MQTT 的 Home Assistant 安装自动获得 LedGrab 的自动化和连接实体。",
+    "mqtt_source.discovery_prefix":  "发现前缀：",
     "device.hue.url":  "Bridge IP:",
     "device.hue.url.hint":  "IP address of your Hue bridge",
     "device.hue.username":  "Bridge Username:",
@@ -1432,6 +1450,8 @@
     "device.lifx.url.placeholder":  "192.168.1.50",
     "device.lifx_min_interval":  "最小更新间隔:",
     "device.lifx_min_interval.hint":  "客户端命令速率限制（毫秒）。LIFX 建议 ≤20 cmd/sec；默认 50 毫秒符合该上限。",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone":  "逐区流式传输：",
+    "device.lifx_per_zone.hint":  "单独寻址各个分区（Z/Beam 多区）或像素（Tile/Canvas 矩阵），而不是单一平均色。连接时自动检测；较旧的灯具回退为单色。",
     "device.metrics.actual_fps":  "实际 FPS",
     "device.metrics.current_fps":  "当前 FPS",
     "device.metrics.device_fps":  "设备刷新率",

server/src/ledgrab/storage/automation.py

@@ -378,6 +378,81 @@ _RULE_MAP: Dict[str, Type[Rule]] = {
 }
 
 
+# ── Actions ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Rules decide WHEN an automation is active; actions are extra side effects
+# fired alongside scene activation (e.g. an outbound webhook to Discord /
+# IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED). Polymorphic via the same registry pattern as
+# Rule, so new action types can be added without touching the engine wiring.
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Action:
+    """Base action — polymorphic via the ``action_type`` discriminator."""
+
+    action_type: str
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict:
+        return {"action_type": self.action_type}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> "Action":
+        at = data.get("action_type", "")
+        subcls = _ACTION_MAP.get(at)
+        if subcls is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown action type: {at}")
+        return subcls.from_dict(data)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class WebhookAction(Action):
+    """POST/PUT/GET an outbound HTTP request when the automation fires.
+
+    ``fire_on`` selects which transition triggers the call: ``"activate"``,
+    ``"deactivate"``, or ``"both"``. ``body_template`` supports the tokens
+    ``{{automation_name}}``, ``{{automation_id}}``, ``{{event}}`` and
+    ``{{timestamp}}``, substituted server-side at fire time. The URL is
+    SSRF-gated (LAN allowed, loopback / cloud-metadata / link-local blocked)
+    at both save and fire time.
+    """
+
+    action_type: str = "webhook"
+    webhook_url: str = ""
+    method: str = "POST"  # POST | PUT | GET
+    body_template: str = ""
+    content_type: str = "application/json"
+    fire_on: str = "activate"  # activate | deactivate | both
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict:
+        d = super().to_dict()
+        d["webhook_url"] = self.webhook_url
+        d["method"] = self.method
+        d["body_template"] = self.body_template
+        d["content_type"] = self.content_type
+        d["fire_on"] = self.fire_on
+        return d
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> "WebhookAction":
+        method = str(data.get("method", "POST")).upper()
+        if method not in ("POST", "PUT", "GET"):
+            method = "POST"
+        fire_on = data.get("fire_on", "activate")
+        if fire_on not in ("activate", "deactivate", "both"):
+            fire_on = "activate"
+        return cls(
+            webhook_url=data.get("webhook_url", ""),
+            method=method,
+            body_template=data.get("body_template", ""),
+            content_type=data.get("content_type", "") or "application/json",
+            fire_on=fire_on,
+        )
+
+
+_ACTION_MAP: Dict[str, Type[Action]] = {
+    "webhook": WebhookAction,
+}
+
+
 # ── Backward-compatible aliases (for imports in other modules during transition) ──
 Condition = Rule
 ApplicationCondition = ApplicationRule
@@ -406,6 +481,8 @@ class Automation:
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
     tags: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    # Outbound side-effects fired alongside scene activation/deactivation.
+    actions: List[Action] = field(default_factory=list)
     # Custom card icon (frontend display only)
     icon: str = ""
     icon_color: str = ""
@@ -441,6 +518,10 @@ class Automation:
             "created_at": self.created_at.isoformat(),
             "updated_at": self.updated_at.isoformat(),
         }
+        # Only persist actions when present — keeps existing rows byte-identical
+        # and tolerates loading automations saved before actions existed.
+        if self.actions:
+            d["actions"] = [a.to_dict() for a in self.actions]
         if self.icon:
             d["icon"] = self.icon
         if self.icon_color:
@@ -463,6 +544,13 @@ class Automation:
             except ValueError as e:
                 logger.warning("Skipping unknown rule type on load: %s", e)
 
+        actions: List[Action] = []
+        for a_data in data.get("actions") or []:
+            try:
+                actions.append(Action.from_dict(a_data))
+            except ValueError as e:
+                logger.warning("Skipping unknown action type on load: %s", e)
+
         return cls(
             id=data["id"],
             name=data["name"],
@@ -473,6 +561,7 @@ class Automation:
             deactivation_mode=data.get("deactivation_mode", "none"),
             deactivation_scene_preset_id=data.get("deactivation_scene_preset_id"),
             tags=data.get("tags", []),
+            actions=actions,
             icon=data.get("icon", ""),
             icon_color=data.get("icon_color", ""),
             created_at=datetime.fromisoformat(

server/src/ledgrab/storage/automation_store.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import List
 
-from ledgrab.storage.automation import Automation, Rule
+from ledgrab.storage.automation import Action, Automation, Rule
 from ledgrab.storage.base_sqlite_store import BaseSqliteStore
 from ledgrab.storage.database import Database
 from ledgrab.utils import get_logger
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class AutomationStore(BaseSqliteStore[Automation]):
         deactivation_mode: str = "none",
         deactivation_scene_preset_id: str | None = None,
         tags: List[str] | None = None,
+        actions: List[Action] | None = None,
         icon: str | None = None,
         icon_color: str | None = None,
         # Legacy parameter aliases
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ class AutomationStore(BaseSqliteStore[Automation]):
             created_at=now,
             updated_at=now,
             tags=tags or [],
+            actions=actions or [],
             icon=icon or "",
             icon_color=icon_color or "",
         )
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ class AutomationStore(BaseSqliteStore[Automation]):
         deactivation_mode: str | None = None,
         deactivation_scene_preset_id: str = "__unset__",
         tags: List[str] | None = None,
+        actions: List[Action] | None = None,
         icon: str | None = None,
         icon_color: str | None = None,
         # Legacy parameter aliases
@@ -118,6 +121,8 @@ class AutomationStore(BaseSqliteStore[Automation]):
             )
         if tags is not None:
             automation.tags = tags
+        if actions is not None:
+            automation.actions = actions
         if icon is not None:
             automation.icon = icon or ""
         if icon_color is not None:

server/src/ledgrab/storage/device_store.py

@@ -81,12 +81,14 @@ class Device:
         hue_username: str = "",
         hue_client_key: str = "",
         hue_entertainment_group_id: str = "",
+        hue_gradient_mode: bool = True,
         # Yeelight fields
         yeelight_min_interval_ms: int = 500,
         # WiZ fields
         wiz_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
         # LIFX fields
         lifx_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
+        lifx_per_zone: bool = False,
         # Govee fields
         govee_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
         # OPC fields
@@ -142,9 +144,11 @@ class Device:
         self.hue_username = hue_username
         self.hue_client_key = hue_client_key
         self.hue_entertainment_group_id = hue_entertainment_group_id
+        self.hue_gradient_mode = hue_gradient_mode
         self.yeelight_min_interval_ms = yeelight_min_interval_ms
         self.wiz_min_interval_ms = wiz_min_interval_ms
         self.lifx_min_interval_ms = lifx_min_interval_ms
+        self.lifx_per_zone = lifx_per_zone
         self.govee_min_interval_ms = govee_min_interval_ms
         self.opc_channel = opc_channel
         self.nanoleaf_token = nanoleaf_token
@@ -241,6 +245,7 @@ class Device:
                 hue_username=self.hue_username,
                 hue_client_key=self.hue_client_key,
                 hue_entertainment_group_id=self.hue_entertainment_group_id,
+                hue_gradient_mode=self.hue_gradient_mode,
             )
         if dt == "yeelight":
             return YeelightConfig(
@@ -256,6 +261,7 @@ class Device:
             return LIFXConfig(
                 **base,
                 lifx_min_interval_ms=self.lifx_min_interval_ms,
+                lifx_per_zone=self.lifx_per_zone,
             )
         if dt == "govee":
             return GoveeConfig(
@@ -352,12 +358,17 @@ class Device:
             d["hue_client_key"] = _enc(self.hue_client_key)
         if self.hue_entertainment_group_id:
             d["hue_entertainment_group_id"] = self.hue_entertainment_group_id
+        # Gradient mode defaults ON — only persist the opt-out.
+        if not self.hue_gradient_mode:
+            d["hue_gradient_mode"] = False
         if self.yeelight_min_interval_ms != 500:
             d["yeelight_min_interval_ms"] = self.yeelight_min_interval_ms
         if self.wiz_min_interval_ms != 50:
             d["wiz_min_interval_ms"] = self.wiz_min_interval_ms
         if self.lifx_min_interval_ms != 50:
             d["lifx_min_interval_ms"] = self.lifx_min_interval_ms
+        if self.lifx_per_zone:
+            d["lifx_per_zone"] = True
         if self.govee_min_interval_ms != 50:
             d["govee_min_interval_ms"] = self.govee_min_interval_ms
         if self.opc_channel:
@@ -424,9 +435,11 @@ class Device:
             hue_username=_dec(data.get("hue_username", "")),
             hue_client_key=_dec(data.get("hue_client_key", "")),
             hue_entertainment_group_id=data.get("hue_entertainment_group_id", ""),
+            hue_gradient_mode=bool(data.get("hue_gradient_mode", True)),
             yeelight_min_interval_ms=data.get("yeelight_min_interval_ms", 500),
             wiz_min_interval_ms=data.get("wiz_min_interval_ms", 50),
             lifx_min_interval_ms=data.get("lifx_min_interval_ms", 50),
+            lifx_per_zone=bool(data.get("lifx_per_zone", False)),
             govee_min_interval_ms=data.get("govee_min_interval_ms", 50),
             opc_channel=data.get("opc_channel", 0),
             nanoleaf_token=_dec(data.get("nanoleaf_token", "")),
@@ -479,9 +492,11 @@ _UPDATABLE_FIELDS: frozenset[str] = frozenset(
         "hue_username",
         "hue_client_key",
         "hue_entertainment_group_id",
+        "hue_gradient_mode",
         "yeelight_min_interval_ms",
         "wiz_min_interval_ms",
         "lifx_min_interval_ms",
+        "lifx_per_zone",
         "govee_min_interval_ms",
         "opc_channel",
         "nanoleaf_token",
@@ -587,9 +602,11 @@ class DeviceStore(BaseSqliteStore[Device]):
         hue_username: str = "",
         hue_client_key: str = "",
         hue_entertainment_group_id: str = "",
+        hue_gradient_mode: bool = True,
         yeelight_min_interval_ms: int = 500,
         wiz_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
         lifx_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
+        lifx_per_zone: bool = False,
         govee_min_interval_ms: int = 50,
         opc_channel: int = 0,
         nanoleaf_token: str = "",
@@ -638,9 +655,11 @@ class DeviceStore(BaseSqliteStore[Device]):
                 hue_username=hue_username,
                 hue_client_key=hue_client_key,
                 hue_entertainment_group_id=hue_entertainment_group_id,
+                hue_gradient_mode=hue_gradient_mode,
                 yeelight_min_interval_ms=yeelight_min_interval_ms,
                 wiz_min_interval_ms=wiz_min_interval_ms,
                 lifx_min_interval_ms=lifx_min_interval_ms,
+                lifx_per_zone=lifx_per_zone,
                 govee_min_interval_ms=govee_min_interval_ms,
                 opc_channel=opc_channel,
                 nanoleaf_token=nanoleaf_token,

server/src/ledgrab/storage/mqtt_source.py

@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ class MQTTSource:
     password: str = ""
     client_id: str = "ledgrab"
     base_topic: str = "ledgrab"
+    # Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery: publish homeassistant/.../config so
+    # MQTT-only HA installs get LedGrab entities automatically.
+    publish_ha_discovery: bool = False
+    discovery_prefix: str = "homeassistant"
     description: str | None = None
     tags: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
     icon: str = ""
@@ -66,6 +70,8 @@ class MQTTSource:
             "password": stored_password,
             "client_id": self.client_id,
             "base_topic": self.base_topic,
+            "publish_ha_discovery": self.publish_ha_discovery,
+            "discovery_prefix": self.discovery_prefix,
             "description": self.description,
             "tags": self.tags,
             "created_at": self.created_at.isoformat(),
@@ -93,6 +99,8 @@ class MQTTSource:
             password=password,
             client_id=data.get("client_id", "ledgrab"),
             base_topic=data.get("base_topic", "ledgrab"),
+            publish_ha_discovery=bool(data.get("publish_ha_discovery", False)),
+            discovery_prefix=data.get("discovery_prefix", "homeassistant") or "homeassistant",
             icon=data.get("icon", ""),
             icon_color=data.get("icon_color", ""),
         )

server/src/ledgrab/storage/mqtt_source_store.py

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ class MQTTSourceStore(BaseSqliteStore[MQTTSource]):
         password: str = "",
         client_id: str = "ledgrab",
         base_topic: str = "ledgrab",
+        publish_ha_discovery: bool = False,
+        discovery_prefix: str = "homeassistant",
         description: str | None = None,
         tags: List[str] | None = None,
         icon: str | None = None,
@@ -94,6 +96,8 @@ class MQTTSourceStore(BaseSqliteStore[MQTTSource]):
             password=password,
             client_id=client_id,
             base_topic=base_topic,
+            publish_ha_discovery=publish_ha_discovery,
+            discovery_prefix=discovery_prefix or "homeassistant",
             description=description,
             tags=tags or [],
             icon=icon or "",
@@ -115,6 +119,8 @@ class MQTTSourceStore(BaseSqliteStore[MQTTSource]):
         password: str | None = None,
         client_id: str | None = None,
         base_topic: str | None = None,
+        publish_ha_discovery: bool | None = None,
+        discovery_prefix: str | None = None,
         description: str | None = None,
         tags: List[str] | None = None,
         icon: str | None = None,
@@ -136,6 +142,14 @@ class MQTTSourceStore(BaseSqliteStore[MQTTSource]):
             password=password if password is not None else existing.password,
             client_id=client_id if client_id is not None else existing.client_id,
             base_topic=base_topic if base_topic is not None else existing.base_topic,
+            publish_ha_discovery=(
+                publish_ha_discovery
+                if publish_ha_discovery is not None
+                else existing.publish_ha_discovery
+            ),
+            discovery_prefix=(
+                discovery_prefix if discovery_prefix is not None else existing.discovery_prefix
+            ),
             description=description if description is not None else existing.description,
             tags=tags if tags is not None else existing.tags,
             icon=icon if icon is not None else existing.icon,

server/src/ledgrab/templates/modals/add-device.html

@@ -265,6 +265,17 @@
                     <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.lifx_min_interval.hint">Client-side rate limit between commands in ms. LIFX recommends ≤20 cmd/sec; default 50 ms matches that ceiling.</small>
                     <input type="number" id="device-lifx-min-interval" min="0" max="10000" step="10" value="50">
                 </div>
+                <div class="form-group" id="device-lifx-per-zone-group" style="display: none;">
+                    <div class="label-row">
+                        <label for="device-lifx-per-zone" data-i18n="device.lifx_per_zone">Per-zone streaming:</label>
+                        <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                    </div>
+                    <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.lifx_per_zone.hint">Address individual zones (Z/Beam multizone) or pixels (Tile/Canvas matrix) instead of one averaged colour. Auto-detected on connect; older bulbs fall back to single colour.</small>
+                    <label class="settings-toggle">
+                        <input type="checkbox" id="device-lifx-per-zone">
+                        <span class="settings-toggle-slider"></span>
+                    </label>
+                </div>
                 <!-- Govee fields -->
                 <div class="form-group" id="device-govee-min-interval-group" style="display: none;">
                     <div class="label-row">
@@ -336,6 +347,17 @@
                     <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.hue.group_id.hint">Entertainment configuration ID from your Hue bridge</small>
                     <input type="text" id="device-hue-group-id" placeholder="Entertainment group ID">
                 </div>
+                <div class="form-group" id="device-hue-gradient-mode-group" style="display: none;">
+                    <div class="label-row">
+                        <label for="device-hue-gradient-mode" data-i18n="device.hue_gradient_mode">Map across segments:</label>
+                        <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                    </div>
+                    <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.hue_gradient_mode.hint">Spread the strip across a gradient lightstrip's segments (channels) instead of one averaged colour per light. Auto-detected on connect; plain bulbs are unaffected.</small>
+                    <label class="settings-toggle">
+                        <input type="checkbox" id="device-hue-gradient-mode" checked>
+                        <span class="settings-toggle-slider"></span>
+                    </label>
+                </div>
                 <!-- BLE LED Controller fields -->
                 <div class="form-group" id="device-ble-family-group" style="display: none;">
                     <div class="label-row">

server/src/ledgrab/templates/modals/automation-editor.html

@@ -132,6 +132,48 @@
                     </div>
                 </section>
 
+                <section class="ds-section" data-ds-key="action" data-ch="cyan">
+                    <div class="ds-section-header">
+                        <span class="ds-section-dot" aria-hidden="true"></span>
+                        <span class="ds-section-title" data-i18n="automations.section.action">Webhook</span>
+                        <span class="ds-section-index" aria-hidden="true">05</span>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="ds-section-body">
+                        <div class="form-group">
+                            <div class="label-row">
+                                <label for="automation-action-webhook-url" data-i18n="automations.action.webhook_url">Webhook URL:</label>
+                                <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                            </div>
+                            <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="automations.action.webhook_url.hint">Optional. POST to a Discord / IFTTT / Zapier / Node-RED URL when this automation fires. LAN addresses are allowed; loopback and cloud-metadata are blocked. Leave empty for no webhook.</small>
+                            <input type="text" id="automation-action-webhook-url" placeholder="https://discord.com/api/webhooks/...">
+                        </div>
+                        <div class="form-group" id="automation-action-fields" style="display:none">
+                            <div class="label-row">
+                                <label for="automation-action-method" data-i18n="automations.action.method">Method:</label>
+                            </div>
+                            <select id="automation-action-method">
+                                <option value="POST">POST</option>
+                                <option value="PUT">PUT</option>
+                                <option value="GET">GET</option>
+                            </select>
+                            <div class="label-row" style="margin-top:0.5rem">
+                                <label for="automation-action-fire-on" data-i18n="automations.action.fire_on">Fire on:</label>
+                            </div>
+                            <select id="automation-action-fire-on">
+                                <option value="activate" data-i18n="automations.action.fire_on.activate">When activated</option>
+                                <option value="deactivate" data-i18n="automations.action.fire_on.deactivate">When deactivated</option>
+                                <option value="both" data-i18n="automations.action.fire_on.both">Both</option>
+                            </select>
+                            <div class="label-row" style="margin-top:0.5rem">
+                                <label for="automation-action-body" data-i18n="automations.action.body_template">Body template:</label>
+                                <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                            </div>
+                            <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="automations.action.body_template.hint">JSON body for POST/PUT. Tokens: {{automation_name}}, {{automation_id}}, {{event}}, {{timestamp}}.</small>
+                            <textarea id="automation-action-body" rows="3" placeholder='{"content": "LedGrab: {{automation_name}} {{event}}"}'></textarea>
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                </section>
+
                 <div id="automation-editor-error" class="error-message" style="display: none;"></div>
             </form>
         </div>

server/src/ledgrab/templates/modals/device-settings.html

@@ -294,6 +294,17 @@
                             <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.lifx_min_interval.hint">Client-side rate limit between commands in ms. LIFX recommends ≤20 cmd/sec; default 50 ms matches that ceiling.</small>
                             <input type="number" id="settings-lifx-min-interval" min="0" max="10000" step="10" value="50">
                         </div>
+                        <div class="form-group" id="settings-lifx-per-zone-group" style="display: none;">
+                            <div class="label-row">
+                                <label for="settings-lifx-per-zone" data-i18n="device.lifx_per_zone">Per-zone streaming:</label>
+                                <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                            </div>
+                            <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.lifx_per_zone.hint">Address individual zones (Z/Beam multizone) or pixels (Tile/Canvas matrix) instead of one averaged colour. Auto-detected on connect; older bulbs fall back to single colour.</small>
+                            <label class="settings-toggle">
+                                <input type="checkbox" id="settings-lifx-per-zone">
+                                <span class="settings-toggle-slider"></span>
+                            </label>
+                        </div>
 
                         <div class="form-group" id="settings-govee-min-interval-group" style="display: none;">
                             <div class="label-row">

server/src/ledgrab/templates/modals/mqtt-source-editor.html

@@ -107,6 +107,24 @@
                             <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="mqtt_source.base_topic.hint">Prefix for status and state topics, e.g. ledgrab/status</small>
                             <input type="text" id="mqtt-source-base-topic" value="ledgrab" placeholder="ledgrab">
                         </div>
+
+                        <div class="form-group">
+                            <div class="label-row">
+                                <label for="mqtt-source-ha-discovery" data-i18n="mqtt_source.ha_discovery">Home Assistant discovery:</label>
+                                <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?" data-i18n-aria-label="aria.hint">?</button>
+                            </div>
+                            <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="mqtt_source.ha_discovery.hint">Publish homeassistant/.../config topics so MQTT-only Home Assistant installs get LedGrab automation + connectivity entities automatically.</small>
+                            <label class="settings-toggle">
+                                <input type="checkbox" id="mqtt-source-ha-discovery">
+                                <span class="settings-toggle-slider"></span>
+                            </label>
+                        </div>
+                        <div class="form-group" id="mqtt-source-discovery-prefix-group" style="display:none">
+                            <div class="label-row">
+                                <label for="mqtt-source-discovery-prefix" data-i18n="mqtt_source.discovery_prefix">Discovery prefix:</label>
+                            </div>
+                            <input type="text" id="mqtt-source-discovery-prefix" value="homeassistant" placeholder="homeassistant">
+                        </div>
                     </div>
                 </section>
 

server/tests/test_ha_discovery.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+"""Tests for Home Assistant MQTT auto-discovery.
+
+The end-to-end entity appearance, retained-config survival across HA restart,
+and availability flips need a live broker + HA. Here we lock down the parts
+that DON'T: the discovery config payloads, publish_all / remove_all topic sets,
+the MQTTSource field round-trip, and the manager's state fan-out.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+import pytest
+
+from ledgrab.core.mqtt.ha_discovery import HADiscoveryPublisher
+from ledgrab.core.mqtt.mqtt_manager import MQTTManager
+from ledgrab.storage.mqtt_source import MQTTSource
+
+
+class _FakeRuntime:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.published: list[tuple[str, str, bool]] = []
+        self.states: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+    async def publish(self, topic: str, payload: str, retain: bool = False, qos: int = 0) -> None:
+        self.published.append((topic, payload, retain))
+
+    async def publish_automation_state(self, automation_id: str, action: str) -> None:
+        self.states.append((automation_id, action))
+
+
+class _Auto:
+    def __init__(self, id: str, name: str) -> None:
+        self.id = id
+        self.name = name
+
+
+class _FakeAutomationStore:
+    def __init__(self, autos) -> None:
+        self._autos = autos
+
+    def get_all(self):
+        return self._autos
+
+
+def _source(**kw) -> MQTTSource:
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    defaults = dict(id="mqs_1", name="Broker", created_at=now, updated_at=now)
+    defaults.update(kw)
+    return MQTTSource(**defaults)
+
+
+def _publisher(autos=None, **src_kw):
+    runtime = _FakeRuntime()
+    source = _source(**src_kw)
+    store = _FakeAutomationStore(autos if autos is not None else [_Auto("auto_1", "Movie Night")])
+    return HADiscoveryPublisher(runtime, source, store, version="9.9.9"), runtime
+
+
+class TestConfigBuilders:
+    def test_connectivity_config_shape(self):
+        pub, _ = _publisher(base_topic="ledgrab")
+        topic, payload = pub.build_connectivity_config()
+        assert topic == "homeassistant/binary_sensor/ledgrab_mqs_1/connectivity/config"
+        assert payload["device_class"] == "connectivity"
+        assert payload["state_topic"] == "ledgrab/status"
+        assert payload["unique_id"] == "ledgrab_mqs_1_connectivity"
+        assert payload["device"]["identifiers"] == ["ledgrab_mqs_1"]
+        assert payload["device"]["sw_version"] == "9.9.9"
+
+    def test_automation_config_shape(self):
+        pub, _ = _publisher(base_topic="lg")
+        topic, payload = pub.build_automation_config(_Auto("auto_7", "Night"))
+        assert topic == "homeassistant/binary_sensor/ledgrab_mqs_1/automation_auto_7/config"
+        assert payload["state_topic"] == "lg/automation/auto_7/state"
+        assert payload["value_template"] == "{{ value_json.action }}"
+        assert payload["payload_on"] == "active" and payload["payload_off"] == "inactive"
+        assert payload["availability_topic"] == "lg/status"
+        assert payload["name"] == "Night"
+
+    def test_custom_discovery_prefix(self):
+        pub, _ = _publisher(discovery_prefix="ha")
+        topic, _ = pub.build_connectivity_config()
+        assert topic.startswith("ha/binary_sensor/")
+
+
+class TestPublishRemove:
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_publish_all_publishes_retained_configs_and_state(self):
+        pub, runtime = _publisher(autos=[_Auto("a1", "One"), _Auto("a2", "Two")])
+        await pub.publish_all()
+        config_topics = [t for (t, p, r) in runtime.published if t.endswith("/config")]
+        assert any("connectivity" in t for t in config_topics)
+        assert sum("automation_" in t for t in config_topics) == 2
+        assert all(r for (_t, _p, r) in runtime.published)  # all retained
+        # Seeded initial states.
+        assert ("a1", "inactive") in runtime.states
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_remove_all_clears_with_empty_payload(self):
+        pub, runtime = _publisher(autos=[_Auto("a1", "One")])
+        await pub.publish_all()
+        runtime.published.clear()
+        await pub.remove_all()
+        # Every clear is an empty retained payload to a config topic.
+        assert runtime.published
+        assert all(p == "" and r for (_t, p, r) in runtime.published)
+        assert all(t.endswith("/config") for (t, _p, _r) in runtime.published)
+
+
+class TestSourceRoundTrip:
+    def test_fields_round_trip(self):
+        s = _source(publish_ha_discovery=True, discovery_prefix="ha")
+        back = MQTTSource.from_dict(s.to_dict())
+        assert back.publish_ha_discovery is True
+        assert back.discovery_prefix == "ha"
+
+    def test_defaults_when_absent(self):
+        back = MQTTSource.from_dict({"id": "x", "name": "n", "created_at": "", "updated_at": ""})
+        assert back.publish_ha_discovery is False
+        assert back.discovery_prefix == "homeassistant"
+
+
+class TestManagerStateFanout:
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_publish_state_only_to_discovery_sources(self):
+        mgr = MQTTManager(store=None, automation_store=None)
+        runtime = _FakeRuntime()
+        # Inject a fake runtime + mark it discovery-enabled.
+        mgr._runtimes["mqs_1"] = (runtime, 1)
+        mgr._discovery_sources.add("mqs_1")
+        await mgr.publish_automation_state_all("auto_1", True)
+        assert runtime.states == [("auto_1", "active")]
+        await mgr.publish_automation_state_all("auto_1", False)
+        assert runtime.states[-1] == ("auto_1", "inactive")
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_no_discovery_sources_is_noop(self):
+        mgr = MQTTManager(store=None, automation_store=None)
+        # Should not raise with no discovery sources.
+        await mgr.publish_automation_state_all("auto_1", True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])

server/tests/test_hue_segment.py

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+"""Tests for Hue gradient-lightstrip segment (channel) mapping.
+
+The DTLS handshake and the actual gradient rendering need a real bridge +
+gradient strip to validate; here we lock down the parts that DON'T: channel
+discovery/ordering from an entertainment_configuration payload, the v2 frame
+builder's channel-id keying (vs the legacy per-light index), the resample on
+send, and the ``hue_gradient_mode`` config round-trip through the store.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import struct
+
+import pytest
+
+from ledgrab.core.devices.hue_client import (
+    HEADER_SIZE,
+    PROTOCOL_NAME,
+    HueClient,
+    _build_entertainment_frame,
+    parse_entertainment_channels,
+)
+from ledgrab.storage.device_store import Device
+
+
+class _FakeSock:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.sent: list[bytes] = []
+
+    def sendto(self, data: bytes, addr) -> None:
+        self.sent.append(bytes(data))
+
+
+class TestParseChannels:
+    def test_orders_by_position_x_then_y(self):
+        cfg = {
+            "data": [
+                {
+                    "channels": [
+                        {"channel_id": 2, "position": {"x": 0.5, "y": 0.0}},
+                        {"channel_id": 0, "position": {"x": -0.5, "y": 0.0}},
+                        {"channel_id": 1, "position": {"x": 0.0, "y": 0.0}},
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+        assert parse_entertainment_channels(cfg) == [0, 1, 2]
+
+    def test_gradient_strip_contributes_multiple_channels(self):
+        # A 5-segment gradient strip → five channels, all from one light.
+        channels = [{"channel_id": i, "position": {"x": i * 0.1, "y": 0.0}} for i in range(5)]
+        cfg = {"data": [{"channels": channels}]}
+        assert parse_entertainment_channels(cfg) == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+    def test_empty_payload_is_empty(self):
+        assert parse_entertainment_channels({}) == []
+        assert parse_entertainment_channels({"data": []}) == []
+
+
+class TestFrameBuilder:
+    def test_header_is_huestream_v2(self):
+        frame = _build_entertainment_frame([(255, 0, 0)], sequence=7)
+        assert frame[0:9] == PROTOCOL_NAME
+        assert frame[9] == 2 and frame[10] == 0  # version 2.0
+        assert frame[11] == 7  # sequence
+
+    def test_record_is_seven_bytes_keyed_by_channel(self):
+        colors = [(255, 0, 0), (0, 255, 0)]
+        frame = _build_entertainment_frame(colors, channel_ids=[3, 1])
+        assert len(frame) == HEADER_SIZE + 7 * 2
+        cid0, r0, g0, b0 = struct.unpack_from(">BHHH", frame, HEADER_SIZE)
+        assert (cid0, r0, g0, b0) == (3, 255 * 257, 0, 0)
+        cid1, r1, g1, b1 = struct.unpack_from(">BHHH", frame, HEADER_SIZE + 7)
+        assert (cid1, r1, g1, b1) == (1, 0, 255 * 257, 0)
+
+    def test_falls_back_to_index_without_channel_map(self):
+        frame = _build_entertainment_frame([(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6)])
+        cid0 = struct.unpack_from(">B", frame, HEADER_SIZE)[0]
+        cid1 = struct.unpack_from(">B", frame, HEADER_SIZE + 7)[0]
+        assert (cid0, cid1) == (0, 1)
+
+
+class TestSendAndCount:
+    def _client(self, *, channel_ids, led_count, gradient_mode=True) -> HueClient:
+        c = HueClient("hue://1.2.3.4", led_count=led_count, gradient_mode=gradient_mode)
+        c._connected = True
+        c._sock = _FakeSock()  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        c._dtls_sock = None
+        c._channel_ids = channel_ids
+        return c
+
+    def test_resamples_strip_across_channels(self):
+        c = self._client(channel_ids=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], led_count=1)
+        c.send_pixels_fast([(10, 0, 0)] * 20)
+        frame = c._sock.sent[0]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        # 5 channels → 5 records.
+        assert len(frame) == HEADER_SIZE + 7 * 5
+
+    def test_legacy_path_uses_led_count(self):
+        c = self._client(channel_ids=[], led_count=3)
+        c.send_pixels_fast([(5, 5, 5)] * 8)
+        frame = c._sock.sent[0]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        assert len(frame) == HEADER_SIZE + 7 * 3
+
+    def test_device_led_count_reflects_channels(self):
+        assert self._client(channel_ids=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], led_count=1).device_led_count == 5
+        assert self._client(channel_ids=[], led_count=3).device_led_count == 3
+        # Gradient mode off → channel count ignored even if present.
+        off = self._client(channel_ids=[0, 1], led_count=2, gradient_mode=False)
+        assert off.device_led_count == 2
+
+
+class TestConfigRoundTrip:
+    def _device(self, gradient_mode: bool) -> Device:
+        return Device(
+            device_id="d1",
+            name="Gradient strip",
+            url="hue://1.2.3.4",
+            led_count=5,
+            device_type="hue",
+            hue_gradient_mode=gradient_mode,
+        )
+
+    def test_default_on_is_omitted(self):
+        d = self._device(True)
+        assert "hue_gradient_mode" not in d.to_dict()
+        back = Device.from_dict(d.to_dict())
+        assert back.hue_gradient_mode is True
+        assert back.to_config().hue_gradient_mode is True
+
+    def test_opt_out_round_trips(self):
+        d = self._device(False)
+        assert d.to_dict().get("hue_gradient_mode") is False
+        back = Device.from_dict(d.to_dict())
+        assert back.hue_gradient_mode is False
+        assert back.to_config().hue_gradient_mode is False
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])

server/tests/test_lifx_multizone.py

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+"""Tests for LIFX multizone (Z/Beam) + tile (Canvas) per-pixel streaming.
+
+The device-side handshake (zone/tile auto-detection over UDP, firmware
+fallback) needs real hardware to validate; here we lock down the parts that
+DON'T: the exact packet framing for SetExtendedColorZones (510) and
+SetTileState64 (715), the StateMultiZone / StateDeviceChain reply parsers,
+the strip→element resample, the per-mode emit path, and the ``lifx_per_zone``
+config round-trip through the device store.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import struct
+
+import pytest
+
+from ledgrab.core.devices.lifx_client import (
+    MSG_SET_COLOR,
+    MSG_SET_EXTENDED_COLOR_ZONES,
+    MSG_SET_TILE_STATE_64,
+    MSG_STATE_DEVICE_CHAIN,
+    MSG_STATE_MULTIZONE,
+    LIFXClient,
+    _build_packet,
+    _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload,
+    _build_set_tile_state64_payload,
+    _parse_multizone_reply,
+    _parse_state_device_chain,
+    rgb_to_hsbk,
+)
+from ledgrab.core.devices.pixel_reduce import resample_to_n
+from ledgrab.storage.device_store import Device
+
+_EXT_ZONE_MAX = 82
+_TILE_PIXELS = 64
+_TILE_STRUCT_SIZE = 55
+_TILE_CHAIN_MAX = 16
+
+
+class _FakeTransport:
+    """Captures every datagram the client emits via ``_send``."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.sent: list[bytes] = []
+
+    def sendto(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self.sent.append(bytes(data))
+
+
+def _client(mode: str = "single", *, zone_count: int = 0, tiles=None) -> LIFXClient:
+    c = LIFXClient("lifx://1.2.3.4", led_count=10, per_zone=True)
+    c._connected = True
+    c._transport = _FakeTransport()  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    c._mode = mode
+    c._zone_count = zone_count
+    c._tiles = tiles or []
+    return c
+
+
+def _msg_type(packet: bytes) -> int:
+    """LIFX protocol-header message type lives at byte offset 32."""
+    return struct.unpack_from("<H", packet, 32)[0]
+
+
+class TestResampleToN:
+    def test_nearest_neighbour_downsample(self):
+        pixels = [[10, 10, 10], [20, 20, 20], [30, 30, 30], [40, 40, 40]]
+        assert resample_to_n(pixels, 2) == [(10, 10, 10), (30, 30, 30)]
+
+    def test_empty_strip_is_black(self):
+        assert resample_to_n([], 3) == [(0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 0)]
+
+    def test_upsample_repeats(self):
+        assert resample_to_n([[255, 0, 0]], 3) == [(255, 0, 0), (255, 0, 0), (255, 0, 0)]
+
+    def test_zero_n_is_empty(self):
+        assert resample_to_n([[1, 2, 3]], 0) == []
+
+
+class TestExtendedColorZonesPayload:
+    def test_framing_is_byte_exact(self):
+        hsbk = [(100, 200, 300, 3500), (400, 500, 600, 3500)]
+        payload = _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload(hsbk, duration_ms=0, zone_index=0)
+        # header(8) + 82 fixed HSBK slots * 8 bytes
+        assert len(payload) == 8 + _EXT_ZONE_MAX * 8
+        duration, apply, zone_index, count = struct.unpack_from("<IBHB", payload, 0)
+        assert (duration, apply, zone_index, count) == (0, 1, 0, 2)
+        h, s, b, k = struct.unpack_from("<HHHH", payload, 8)
+        assert (h, s, b, k) == (100, 200, 300, 3500)
+
+    def test_unused_slots_are_zero_padded(self):
+        payload = _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload([(1, 2, 3, 4)])
+        # Third slot (index 2) onward must be zero.
+        assert payload[8 + 8 : 8 + _EXT_ZONE_MAX * 8] == b"\x00" * (8 * (_EXT_ZONE_MAX - 1))
+
+    def test_overflow_is_capped_at_82(self):
+        payload = _build_set_extended_color_zones_payload([(1, 1, 1, 1)] * 200)
+        _, _, _, count = struct.unpack_from("<IBHB", payload, 0)
+        assert count == _EXT_ZONE_MAX
+        assert len(payload) == 8 + _EXT_ZONE_MAX * 8
+
+
+class TestTileState64Payload:
+    def test_framing_is_byte_exact(self):
+        hsbk = [(11, 22, 33, 3500)]
+        payload = _build_set_tile_state64_payload(hsbk, tile_index=2, x=0, y=0, width=8)
+        # header(10) + 64 fixed HSBK slots * 8 bytes
+        assert len(payload) == 10 + _TILE_PIXELS * 8
+        tile_index, length, reserved, x, y, width, duration = struct.unpack_from(
+            "<BBBBBBI", payload, 0
+        )
+        assert (tile_index, length, reserved, x, y, width, duration) == (2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0)
+        h, s, b, k = struct.unpack_from("<HHHH", payload, 10)
+        assert (h, s, b, k) == (11, 22, 33, 3500)
+
+
+class TestMultizoneReplyParser:
+    def test_parses_state_multizone(self):
+        body = struct.pack("<BB", 16, 0) + b"\x00" * (8 * 8)  # count=16, index=0, 8 HSBK
+        raw = _build_packet(msg_type=MSG_STATE_MULTIZONE, payload=body)
+        parsed = _parse_multizone_reply(raw)
+        assert parsed == {"count": 16, "index": 0}
+
+    def test_other_message_type_returns_none(self):
+        raw = _build_packet(msg_type=MSG_SET_COLOR, payload=b"\x00" * 16)
+        assert _parse_multizone_reply(raw) is None
+
+
+class TestDeviceChainParser:
+    def _chain_packet(self, tile_specs: list[tuple[int, int]]) -> bytes:
+        payload = bytearray(1 + _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE * _TILE_CHAIN_MAX + 1)
+        payload[0] = 0  # start_index
+        for i, (w, h) in enumerate(tile_specs):
+            base = 1 + i * _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE
+            payload[base + 16] = w
+            payload[base + 17] = h
+        payload[1 + _TILE_STRUCT_SIZE * _TILE_CHAIN_MAX] = len(tile_specs)  # tile count
+        return _build_packet(msg_type=MSG_STATE_DEVICE_CHAIN, payload=bytes(payload))
+
+    def test_parses_tile_widths_and_heights(self):
+        raw = self._chain_packet([(8, 8), (8, 8)])
+        parsed = _parse_state_device_chain(raw)
+        assert parsed == {"start_index": 0, "tiles": [(8, 8), (8, 8)]}
+
+    def test_short_packet_returns_none(self):
+        assert _parse_state_device_chain(b"\x00" * 40) is None
+
+
+class TestEmitPixels:
+    def test_multizone_emits_one_extended_packet(self):
+        c = _client("multizone", zone_count=4)
+        c._emit_pixels([(255, 0, 0)] * 8, 255)
+        sent = c._transport.sent  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        assert len(sent) == 1
+        assert _msg_type(sent[0]) == MSG_SET_EXTENDED_COLOR_ZONES
+
+    def test_tile_emits_one_packet_per_tile(self):
+        c = _client("tile", tiles=[(2, 2), (2, 2)])
+        c._emit_pixels([(0, 255, 0)] * 8, 255)
+        sent = c._transport.sent  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        assert len(sent) == 2
+        assert all(_msg_type(p) == MSG_SET_TILE_STATE_64 for p in sent)
+
+    def test_single_mode_falls_back_to_set_color(self):
+        c = _client("single")
+        c._emit_pixels([(10, 20, 30)] * 4, 255)
+        sent = c._transport.sent  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        assert len(sent) == 1
+        assert _msg_type(sent[0]) == MSG_SET_COLOR
+
+    def test_device_led_count_reflects_mode(self):
+        assert _client("multizone", zone_count=16).device_led_count == 16
+        assert _client("tile", tiles=[(8, 8), (8, 8)]).device_led_count == 128
+        assert _client("single").device_led_count == 10
+
+
+class TestBrightnessScaling:
+    def test_brightness_scales_zone_colours(self):
+        c = _client("multizone", zone_count=1)
+        c._emit_pixels([(200, 100, 50)], 128)
+        payload = c._transport.sent[0][36:]  # type: ignore[index]
+        h, s, b, k = struct.unpack_from("<HHHH", payload, 8)
+        scale = 128 / 255.0
+        exp_h, exp_s, exp_b, exp_k = rgb_to_hsbk(
+            int(200 * scale), int(100 * scale), int(50 * scale)
+        )
+        assert (h, s, b) == (exp_h, exp_s, exp_b)
+
+
+class TestConfigRoundTrip:
+    def _device(self, per_zone: bool) -> Device:
+        return Device(
+            device_id="d1",
+            name="Beam",
+            url="lifx://1.2.3.4",
+            led_count=10,
+            device_type="lifx",
+            lifx_per_zone=per_zone,
+        )
+
+    def test_per_zone_round_trips_through_store(self):
+        d = self._device(True)
+        assert d.to_dict().get("lifx_per_zone") is True
+        back = Device.from_dict(d.to_dict())
+        assert back.lifx_per_zone is True
+        assert back.to_config().lifx_per_zone is True
+
+    def test_default_off_is_omitted(self):
+        d = self._device(False)
+        assert "lifx_per_zone" not in d.to_dict()
+        assert d.to_config().lifx_per_zone is False
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])

server/tests/test_webhook_action.py

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+"""Tests for the outbound webhook automation action.
+
+Covers the pure logic (template rendering, fire_on filtering, model
+round-trip) and the fire path with a mocked transport (success, non-2xx,
+SSRF-blocked). Live delivery to a real Discord/Zapier endpoint is out of
+scope for CI and is verified manually.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+import respx
+
+from ledgrab.core.automations.webhook_action import (
+    fire_webhook_action,
+    render_template,
+    should_fire,
+)
+from ledgrab.storage.automation import Action, Automation, WebhookAction
+
+
+def _automation(actions=None) -> Automation:
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    return Automation(
+        id="auto_1",
+        name="Movie Night",
+        enabled=True,
+        rule_logic="or",
+        rules=[],
+        scene_preset_id=None,
+        deactivation_mode="none",
+        deactivation_scene_preset_id=None,
+        created_at=now,
+        updated_at=now,
+        actions=actions or [],
+    )
+
+
+class TestRenderTemplate:
+    def test_substitutes_all_tokens(self):
+        out = render_template(
+            '{"name":"{{automation_name}}","id":"{{automation_id}}","ev":"{{event}}"}',
+            _automation(),
+            "activate",
+        )
+        assert '"name":"Movie Night"' in out
+        assert '"id":"auto_1"' in out
+        assert '"ev":"activate"' in out
+
+    def test_leaves_unknown_tokens(self):
+        assert render_template("{{unknown}}", _automation(), "activate") == "{{unknown}}"
+
+
+class TestShouldFire:
+    def test_matches_event_or_both(self):
+        assert should_fire(WebhookAction(fire_on="activate"), "activate")
+        assert not should_fire(WebhookAction(fire_on="activate"), "deactivate")
+        assert should_fire(WebhookAction(fire_on="both"), "activate")
+        assert should_fire(WebhookAction(fire_on="both"), "deactivate")
+
+
+class TestModelRoundTrip:
+    def test_webhook_action_round_trips(self):
+        a = WebhookAction(
+            webhook_url="https://example.com/hook",
+            method="PUT",
+            body_template="hi {{event}}",
+            content_type="text/plain",
+            fire_on="both",
+        )
+        back = Action.from_dict(a.to_dict())
+        assert isinstance(back, WebhookAction)
+        assert back.webhook_url == "https://example.com/hook"
+        assert back.method == "PUT"
+        assert back.fire_on == "both"
+
+    def test_unknown_action_type_raises(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            Action.from_dict({"action_type": "nope"})
+
+    def test_from_dict_normalises_bad_method_and_fire_on(self):
+        a = WebhookAction.from_dict({"method": "delete", "fire_on": "whenever"})
+        assert a.method == "POST"
+        assert a.fire_on == "activate"
+
+    def test_automation_actions_survive_serialization(self):
+        auto = _automation([WebhookAction(webhook_url="https://x.test/h", fire_on="both")])
+        back = Automation.from_dict(auto.to_dict())
+        assert len(back.actions) == 1
+        assert isinstance(back.actions[0], WebhookAction)
+        assert back.actions[0].webhook_url == "https://x.test/h"
+
+    def test_no_actions_omitted_from_dict(self):
+        assert "actions" not in _automation().to_dict()
+
+
+class TestFire:
+    @respx.mock
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_success_returns_true(self):
+        route = respx.post("http://93.184.216.34/hook").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(204))
+        action = WebhookAction(webhook_url="http://93.184.216.34/hook", body_template="{{event}}")
+        ok, err = await fire_webhook_action(action, _automation(), "activate")
+        assert ok is True and err is None
+        assert route.called
+        # Body template was rendered and sent.
+        assert route.calls.last.request.content == b"activate"
+
+    @respx.mock
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_non_2xx_returns_error(self):
+        respx.post("http://93.184.216.34/hook").mock(return_value=httpx.Response(500))
+        action = WebhookAction(webhook_url="http://93.184.216.34/hook")
+        ok, err = await fire_webhook_action(action, _automation(), "activate")
+        assert ok is False and err == "HTTP 500"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_ssrf_blocked_loopback(self):
+        # validate_polling_url must reject loopback — no HTTP call is made.
+        action = WebhookAction(webhook_url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin")
+        ok, err = await fire_webhook_action(action, _automation(), "activate")
+        assert ok is False and "SSRF" in (err or "")
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_empty_url_returns_error(self):
+        ok, err = await fire_webhook_action(
+            WebhookAction(webhook_url=""), _automation(), "activate"
+        )
+        assert ok is False and err == "no URL configured"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])