Add Adalight serial LED device support with per-type discovery and capability-based UI

Implements the second device provider (Adalight) for Arduino-based serial LED controllers,
validating the LEDDeviceProvider abstraction. Adds serial port auto-discovery, per-type
discovery caching with lazy-load, capability-driven UI (brightness control, manual LED count,
standby), and serial port combobox in both Add Device and General Settings modals.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

server/pyproject.toml

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "python-multipart>=0.0.12",
     "wmi>=1.5.1; sys_platform == 'win32'",
     "zeroconf>=0.131.0",
+    "pyserial>=3.5",
 ]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]

server/src/wled_controller/api/routes/devices.py

@@ -83,7 +83,12 @@ async def create_device(
 
         try:
             result = await provider.validate_device(device_url)
-            led_count = result["led_count"]
+            led_count = result.get("led_count") or device_data.led_count
+            if not led_count or led_count < 1:
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=422,
+                    detail="LED count is required for this device type.",
+                )
         except httpx.ConnectError:
             raise HTTPException(
                 status_code=422,
@@ -146,18 +151,28 @@ async def discover_devices(
     _auth: AuthRequired,
     store: DeviceStore = Depends(get_device_store),
     timeout: float = 3.0,
+    device_type: str | None = None,
 ):
-    """Scan the local network for LED devices via all registered providers."""
+    """Scan for LED devices. Optionally filter by device_type (e.g. wled, adalight)."""
     import asyncio
     import time
 
     start = time.time()
     capped_timeout = min(timeout, 10.0)
-    # Discover from all providers in parallel
-    providers = get_all_providers()
-    discover_tasks = [p.discover(timeout=capped_timeout) for p in providers.values()]
-    all_results = await asyncio.gather(*discover_tasks)
-    discovered = [d for batch in all_results for d in batch]
+
+    if device_type:
+        # Discover from a single provider
+        try:
+            provider = get_provider(device_type)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"Unknown device type: {device_type}")
+        discovered = await provider.discover(timeout=capped_timeout)
+    else:
+        # Discover from all providers in parallel
+        providers = get_all_providers()
+        discover_tasks = [p.discover(timeout=capped_timeout) for p in providers.values()]
+        all_results = await asyncio.gather(*discover_tasks)
+        discovered = [d for batch in all_results for d in batch]
     elapsed_ms = (time.time() - start) * 1000
 
     existing_urls = {d.url.rstrip("/").lower() for d in store.get_all_devices()}
@@ -213,6 +228,7 @@ async def update_device(
             name=update_data.name,
             url=update_data.url,
             enabled=update_data.enabled,
+            led_count=update_data.led_count,
         )
 
         # Sync connection info in processor manager
@@ -220,7 +236,7 @@ async def update_device(
             manager.update_device_info(
                 device_id,
                 device_url=update_data.url,
-                led_count=None,
+                led_count=update_data.led_count,
             )
         except ValueError:
             pass

server/src/wled_controller/api/schemas/devices.py

@@ -10,16 +10,18 @@ class DeviceCreate(BaseModel):
     """Request to create/attach an LED device."""
 
     name: str = Field(description="Device name", min_length=1, max_length=100)
-    url: str = Field(description="Device URL (e.g., http://192.168.1.100)")
-    device_type: str = Field(default="wled", description="LED device type (e.g., wled)")
+    url: str = Field(description="Device URL (e.g., http://192.168.1.100 or COM3)")
+    device_type: str = Field(default="wled", description="LED device type (e.g., wled, adalight)")
+    led_count: Optional[int] = Field(None, ge=1, le=10000, description="Number of LEDs (required for adalight)")
 
 
 class DeviceUpdate(BaseModel):
     """Request to update device information."""
 
     name: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="Device name", min_length=1, max_length=100)
-    url: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="WLED device URL")
+    url: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="Device URL or serial port")
     enabled: Optional[bool] = Field(None, description="Whether device is enabled")
+    led_count: Optional[int] = Field(None, ge=1, le=10000, description="Number of LEDs (for devices with manual_led_count capability)")
 
 
 class Calibration(BaseModel):

server/src/wled_controller/core/adalight_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+"""Adalight serial LED client — sends pixel data over serial using the Adalight protocol."""
+
+import time
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from wled_controller.core.led_client import DeviceHealth, LEDClient
+from wled_controller.utils import get_logger
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+DEFAULT_BAUD_RATE = 115200
+ARDUINO_RESET_DELAY = 2.0  # seconds to wait after opening serial for Arduino bootloader
+
+
+def parse_adalight_url(url: str) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse an Adalight URL into (port, baud_rate).
+
+    Formats:
+        "COM3"           -> ("COM3", 115200)
+        "COM3:230400"    -> ("COM3", 230400)
+        "/dev/ttyUSB0"   -> ("/dev/ttyUSB0", 115200)
+    """
+    url = url.strip()
+    if ":" in url and not url.startswith("/"):
+        # Windows COM port with baud: "COM3:230400"
+        parts = url.rsplit(":", 1)
+        try:
+            baud = int(parts[1])
+            return parts[0], baud
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+    elif ":" in url and url.startswith("/"):
+        # Unix path with baud: "/dev/ttyUSB0:230400"
+        parts = url.rsplit(":", 1)
+        try:
+            baud = int(parts[1])
+            return parts[0], baud
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+    return url, DEFAULT_BAUD_RATE
+
+
+def _build_adalight_header(led_count: int) -> bytes:
+    """Build the 6-byte Adalight protocol header.
+
+    Format: 'A' 'd' 'a' <count_hi> <count_lo> <checksum>
+    where count = led_count - 1 (zero-indexed).
+    """
+    count = led_count - 1
+    hi = (count >> 8) & 0xFF
+    lo = count & 0xFF
+    checksum = hi ^ lo ^ 0x55
+    return bytes([ord("A"), ord("d"), ord("a"), hi, lo, checksum])
+
+
+class AdalightClient(LEDClient):
+    """LED client for Arduino Adalight serial devices."""
+
+    def __init__(self, url: str, led_count: int = 0, **kwargs):
+        """Initialize Adalight client.
+
+        Args:
+            url: Serial port string, e.g. "COM3" or "COM3:230400"
+            led_count: Number of LEDs on the strip (required for Adalight header)
+        """
+        self._port, self._baud_rate = parse_adalight_url(url)
+        self._led_count = led_count
+        self._serial = None
+        self._connected = False
+
+        # Pre-compute Adalight header if led_count is known
+        self._header = _build_adalight_header(led_count) if led_count > 0 else b""
+
+        # Pre-allocate numpy buffer for brightness scaling
+        self._pixel_buf = None
+
+    async def connect(self) -> bool:
+        """Open serial port and wait for Arduino reset."""
+        import serial
+
+        try:
+            self._serial = serial.Serial(
+                port=self._port,
+                baudrate=self._baud_rate,
+                timeout=1,
+            )
+            # Wait for Arduino to finish bootloader reset
+            time.sleep(ARDUINO_RESET_DELAY)
+            self._connected = True
+            logger.info(
+                f"Adalight connected: {self._port} @ {self._baud_rate} baud "
+                f"({self._led_count} LEDs)"
+            )
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to open serial port {self._port}: {e}")
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to open serial port {self._port}: {e}")
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close the serial port."""
+        self._connected = False
+        if self._serial and self._serial.is_open:
+            try:
+                self._serial.close()
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Error closing serial port: {e}")
+        self._serial = None
+        logger.info(f"Adalight disconnected: {self._port}")
+
+    @property
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connected and self._serial is not None and self._serial.is_open
+
+    async def send_pixels(
+        self,
+        pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]],
+        brightness: int = 255,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Send pixel data over serial using Adalight protocol."""
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            frame = self._build_frame(pixels, brightness)
+            self._serial.write(frame)
+            return True
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Adalight send_pixels error: {e}")
+            return False
+
+    @property
+    def supports_fast_send(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def send_pixels_fast(
+        self,
+        pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]],
+        brightness: int = 255,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Synchronous fire-and-forget serial send."""
+        if not self.is_connected:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            frame = self._build_frame(pixels, brightness)
+            self._serial.write(frame)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Adalight send_pixels_fast error: {e}")
+
+    def _build_frame(self, pixels: List[Tuple[int, int, int]], brightness: int) -> bytes:
+        """Build a complete Adalight frame: header + brightness-scaled RGB data."""
+        arr = np.array(pixels, dtype=np.uint16)
+
+        if brightness < 255:
+            arr = arr * brightness // 255
+
+        np.clip(arr, 0, 255, out=arr)
+        rgb_bytes = arr.astype(np.uint8).tobytes()
+        return self._header + rgb_bytes
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def check_health(
+        cls,
+        url: str,
+        http_client,
+        prev_health: Optional[DeviceHealth] = None,
+    ) -> DeviceHealth:
+        """Check if the serial port exists without opening it.
+
+        Enumerates COM ports to avoid exclusive-access conflicts on Windows.
+        """
+        port, _baud = parse_adalight_url(url)
+
+        try:
+            import serial.tools.list_ports
+
+            available_ports = [p.device for p in serial.tools.list_ports.comports()]
+            port_upper = port.upper()
+            found = any(p.upper() == port_upper for p in available_ports)
+
+            if found:
+                return DeviceHealth(
+                    online=True,
+                    latency_ms=0.0,
+                    last_checked=datetime.utcnow(),
+                    device_name=prev_health.device_name if prev_health else None,
+                    device_version=None,
+                    device_led_count=prev_health.device_led_count if prev_health else None,
+                )
+            else:
+                return DeviceHealth(
+                    online=False,
+                    last_checked=datetime.utcnow(),
+                    error=f"Serial port {port} not found",
+                )
+        except Exception as e:
+            return DeviceHealth(
+                online=False,
+                last_checked=datetime.utcnow(),
+                error=str(e),
+            )

server/src/wled_controller/core/adalight_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""Adalight device provider — serial LED controller support."""
+
+from typing import List
+
+from wled_controller.core.led_client import (
+    DeviceHealth,
+    DiscoveredDevice,
+    LEDClient,
+    LEDDeviceProvider,
+)
+from wled_controller.utils import get_logger
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+class AdalightDeviceProvider(LEDDeviceProvider):
+    """Provider for Adalight serial LED controllers."""
+
+    @property
+    def device_type(self) -> str:
+        return "adalight"
+
+    @property
+    def capabilities(self) -> set:
+        # No hardware brightness control, no standby required
+        # manual_led_count: user must specify LED count (can't auto-detect)
+        return {"manual_led_count"}
+
+    def create_client(self, url: str, **kwargs) -> LEDClient:
+        from wled_controller.core.adalight_client import AdalightClient
+
+        led_count = kwargs.pop("led_count", 0)
+        kwargs.pop("use_ddp", None)  # Not applicable for serial
+        return AdalightClient(url, led_count=led_count, **kwargs)
+
+    async def check_health(self, url: str, http_client, prev_health=None) -> DeviceHealth:
+        from wled_controller.core.adalight_client import AdalightClient
+
+        return await AdalightClient.check_health(url, http_client, prev_health)
+
+    async def validate_device(self, url: str) -> dict:
+        """Validate that the serial port exists.
+
+        Returns:
+            Empty dict — Adalight devices don't report LED count,
+            so it must be provided by the user.
+        """
+        from wled_controller.core.adalight_client import parse_adalight_url
+
+        port, _baud = parse_adalight_url(url)
+
+        try:
+            import serial.tools.list_ports
+
+            available_ports = [p.device for p in serial.tools.list_ports.comports()]
+            port_upper = port.upper()
+            if not any(p.upper() == port_upper for p in available_ports):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Serial port {port} not found. "
+                    f"Available ports: {', '.join(available_ports) or 'none'}"
+                )
+        except ValueError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise ValueError(f"Failed to enumerate serial ports: {e}")
+
+        logger.info(f"Adalight device validated: port {port}")
+        return {}
+
+    async def discover(self, timeout: float = 3.0) -> List[DiscoveredDevice]:
+        """Discover serial ports that could be Adalight devices."""
+        try:
+            import serial.tools.list_ports
+
+            ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
+            results = []
+            for port_info in ports:
+                results.append(
+                    DiscoveredDevice(
+                        name=port_info.description or port_info.device,
+                        url=port_info.device,
+                        device_type="adalight",
+                        ip=port_info.device,
+                        mac="",
+                        led_count=None,
+                        version=None,
+                    )
+                )
+            logger.info(f"Serial port scan found {len(results)} port(s)")
+            return results
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Serial port discovery failed: {e}")
+            return []

server/src/wled_controller/core/led_client.py

@@ -258,5 +258,8 @@ def _register_builtin_providers():
     from wled_controller.core.wled_provider import WLEDDeviceProvider
     register_provider(WLEDDeviceProvider())
 
+    from wled_controller.core.adalight_provider import AdalightDeviceProvider
+    register_provider(AdalightDeviceProvider())
+
 
 _register_builtin_providers()

server/src/wled_controller/core/processor_manager.py

@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ class ProcessorManager:
 
         # Connect to LED device via factory
         try:
-            state.led_client = create_led_client(device_type, state.device_url, use_ddp=True)
+            state.led_client = create_led_client(device_type, state.device_url, use_ddp=True, led_count=state.led_count)
             await state.led_client.connect()
             logger.info(f"Target {target_id} connected to {device_type} device ({state.led_count} LEDs)")
 
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ class ProcessorManager:
             if active_client:
                 await active_client.send_pixels(pixels)
             else:
-                async with create_led_client(ds.device_type, ds.device_url, use_ddp=True) as client:
+                async with create_led_client(ds.device_type, ds.device_url, use_ddp=True, led_count=ds.led_count) as client:
                     await client.send_pixels(pixels)
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Failed to send test pixels for {device_id}: {e}")
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ class ProcessorManager:
             if active_client:
                 await active_client.send_pixels(pixels)
             else:
-                async with create_led_client(ds.device_type, ds.device_url, use_ddp=True) as client:
+                async with create_led_client(ds.device_type, ds.device_url, use_ddp=True, led_count=ds.led_count) as client:
                     await client.send_pixels(pixels)
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Failed to clear pixels for {device_id}: {e}")

server/src/wled_controller/core/wled_provider.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class WLEDDeviceProvider(LEDDeviceProvider):
 
     def create_client(self, url: str, **kwargs) -> LEDClient:
         from wled_controller.core.wled_client import WLEDClient
+        kwargs.pop("led_count", None)
         return WLEDClient(url, **kwargs)
 
     async def check_health(self, url: str, http_client, prev_health=None) -> DeviceHealth:

server/src/wled_controller/static/app.js

@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ function createDeviceCard(device) {
                 <div class="card-title">
                     <span class="health-dot ${healthClass}" title="${healthTitle}"></span>
                     ${device.name || device.id}
-                    ${device.url ? `<a class="device-url-badge" href="${device.url}" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="${t('device.button.webui')}"><span class="device-url-text">${escapeHtml(device.url.replace(/^https?:\/\//, ''))}</span><span class="device-url-icon">🌐</span></a>` : ''}
+                    ${device.url && device.url.startsWith('http') ? `<a class="device-url-badge" href="${device.url}" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="${t('device.button.webui')}"><span class="device-url-text">${escapeHtml(device.url.replace(/^https?:\/\//, ''))}</span><span class="device-url-icon">🌐</span></a>` : (device.url && !device.url.startsWith('http') ? `<span class="device-url-badge"><span class="device-url-text">${escapeHtml(device.url)}</span></span>` : '')}
                     ${healthLabel}
                 </div>
             </div>
@@ -659,6 +659,7 @@ function createDeviceCard(device) {
                 ${state.device_led_type ? `<span class="card-meta">🔌 ${state.device_led_type.replace(/ RGBW$/, '')}</span>` : ''}
                 <span class="card-meta" title="${state.device_rgbw ? 'RGBW' : 'RGB'}"><span class="channel-indicator"><span class="ch" style="background:#e53935"></span><span class="ch" style="background:#43a047"></span><span class="ch" style="background:#1e88e5"></span>${state.device_rgbw ? '<span class="ch" style="background:#eee"></span>' : ''}</span></span>
             </div>
+            ${(device.capabilities || []).includes('brightness_control') ? `
             <div class="brightness-control${_deviceBrightnessCache[device.id] == null ? ' brightness-loading' : ''}" data-brightness-wrap="${device.id}">
                 <input type="range" class="brightness-slider" min="0" max="255"
                        value="${_deviceBrightnessCache[device.id] ?? 0}" data-device-brightness="${device.id}"
@@ -666,7 +667,7 @@ function createDeviceCard(device) {
                        onchange="saveCardBrightness('${device.id}', this.value)"
                        title="${_deviceBrightnessCache[device.id] != null ? Math.round(_deviceBrightnessCache[device.id] / 255 * 100) + '%' : '...'}"
                        ${_deviceBrightnessCache[device.id] == null ? 'disabled' : ''}>
-            </div>
+            </div>` : ''}
             <div class="card-actions">
                 <button class="btn btn-icon btn-secondary" onclick="showSettings('${device.id}')" title="${t('device.button.settings')}">
                     ⚙️
@@ -729,17 +730,46 @@ async function showSettings(deviceId) {
         }
 
         const device = await deviceResponse.json();
+        const isAdalight = device.device_type === 'adalight';
 
         // Populate fields
         document.getElementById('settings-device-id').value = device.id;
         document.getElementById('settings-device-name').value = device.name;
-        document.getElementById('settings-device-url').value = device.url;
         document.getElementById('settings-health-interval').value = 30;
 
+        // Toggle URL vs serial port field
+        const urlGroup = document.getElementById('settings-url-group');
+        const serialGroup = document.getElementById('settings-serial-port-group');
+        if (isAdalight) {
+            urlGroup.style.display = 'none';
+            document.getElementById('settings-device-url').removeAttribute('required');
+            serialGroup.style.display = '';
+            // Populate serial port dropdown via discovery
+            _populateSettingsSerialPorts(device.url);
+        } else {
+            urlGroup.style.display = '';
+            document.getElementById('settings-device-url').setAttribute('required', '');
+            document.getElementById('settings-device-url').value = device.url;
+            serialGroup.style.display = 'none';
+        }
+
+        // Show LED count field for devices with manual_led_count capability
+        const caps = device.capabilities || [];
+        const ledCountGroup = document.getElementById('settings-led-count-group');
+        if (caps.includes('manual_led_count')) {
+            ledCountGroup.style.display = '';
+            document.getElementById('settings-led-count').value = device.led_count || '';
+        } else {
+            ledCountGroup.style.display = 'none';
+        }
+
         // Snapshot initial values for dirty checking
         settingsInitialValues = {
             name: device.name,
             url: device.url,
+            led_count: String(device.led_count || ''),
+            device_type: device.device_type,
+            capabilities: caps,
             state_check_interval: '30',
         };
 
@@ -759,11 +789,21 @@ async function showSettings(deviceId) {
     }
 }
 
+function _getSettingsUrl() {
+    if (settingsInitialValues.device_type === 'adalight') {
+        return document.getElementById('settings-serial-port').value;
+    }
+    return document.getElementById('settings-device-url').value.trim();
+}
+
 function isSettingsDirty() {
+    const ledCountDirty = (settingsInitialValues.capabilities || []).includes('manual_led_count')
+        && document.getElementById('settings-led-count').value !== settingsInitialValues.led_count;
     return (
         document.getElementById('settings-device-name').value !== settingsInitialValues.name ||
-        document.getElementById('settings-device-url').value !== settingsInitialValues.url ||
-        document.getElementById('settings-health-interval').value !== settingsInitialValues.state_check_interval
+        _getSettingsUrl() !== settingsInitialValues.url ||
+        document.getElementById('settings-health-interval').value !== settingsInitialValues.state_check_interval ||
+        ledCountDirty
     );
 }
 
@@ -787,7 +827,7 @@ async function closeDeviceSettingsModal() {
 async function saveDeviceSettings() {
     const deviceId = document.getElementById('settings-device-id').value;
     const name = document.getElementById('settings-device-name').value.trim();
-    const url = document.getElementById('settings-device-url').value.trim();
+    const url = _getSettingsUrl();
     const error = document.getElementById('settings-error');
 
     // Validation
@@ -798,11 +838,16 @@ async function saveDeviceSettings() {
     }
 
     try {
-        // Update device info (name, url)
+        // Update device info (name, url, optionally led_count)
+        const body = { name, url };
+        const ledCountInput = document.getElementById('settings-led-count');
+        if ((settingsInitialValues.capabilities || []).includes('manual_led_count') && ledCountInput.value) {
+            body.led_count = parseInt(ledCountInput.value, 10);
+        }
         const deviceResponse = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/devices/${deviceId}`, {
             method: 'PUT',
             headers: getHeaders(),
-            body: JSON.stringify({ name, url })
+            body: JSON.stringify(body)
         });
 
         if (deviceResponse.status === 401) {
@@ -874,6 +919,174 @@ async function fetchDeviceBrightness(deviceId) {
 
 // Add device modal
 let _discoveryScanRunning = false;
+let _discoveryCache = {};  // { deviceType: [...devices] } — per-type discovery cache
+
+function onDeviceTypeChanged() {
+    const deviceType = document.getElementById('device-type').value;
+    const urlGroup = document.getElementById('device-url-group');
+    const urlInput = document.getElementById('device-url');
+    const serialGroup = document.getElementById('device-serial-port-group');
+    const serialSelect = document.getElementById('device-serial-port');
+    const ledCountGroup = document.getElementById('device-led-count-group');
+    const discoverySection = document.getElementById('discovery-section');
+
+    if (deviceType === 'adalight') {
+        urlGroup.style.display = 'none';
+        urlInput.removeAttribute('required');
+        serialGroup.style.display = '';
+        serialSelect.setAttribute('required', '');
+        ledCountGroup.style.display = '';
+        // Hide discovery list — serial port dropdown replaces it
+        if (discoverySection) discoverySection.style.display = 'none';
+        // Populate from cache or show placeholder (lazy-load on focus)
+        if (deviceType in _discoveryCache) {
+            _populateSerialPortDropdown(_discoveryCache[deviceType]);
+        } else {
+            serialSelect.innerHTML = '';
+            const opt = document.createElement('option');
+            opt.value = '';
+            opt.textContent = t('device.serial_port.hint') || 'Click to discover ports...';
+            opt.disabled = true;
+            serialSelect.appendChild(opt);
+        }
+    } else {
+        urlGroup.style.display = '';
+        urlInput.setAttribute('required', '');
+        serialGroup.style.display = 'none';
+        serialSelect.removeAttribute('required');
+        ledCountGroup.style.display = 'none';
+        // Show cached results or trigger scan for WLED
+        if (deviceType in _discoveryCache) {
+            _renderDiscoveryList();
+        } else {
+            scanForDevices();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function _renderDiscoveryList() {
+    const selectedType = document.getElementById('device-type').value;
+    const devices = _discoveryCache[selectedType];
+
+    // Adalight: populate serial port dropdown instead of discovery list
+    if (selectedType === 'adalight') {
+        _populateSerialPortDropdown(devices || []);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // WLED and others: render discovery list cards
+    const list = document.getElementById('discovery-list');
+    const empty = document.getElementById('discovery-empty');
+    const section = document.getElementById('discovery-section');
+    if (!list || !section) return;
+
+    list.innerHTML = '';
+
+    if (!devices) {
+        section.style.display = 'none';
+        return;
+    }
+
+    section.style.display = 'block';
+
+    if (devices.length === 0) {
+        empty.style.display = 'block';
+        return;
+    }
+
+    empty.style.display = 'none';
+    devices.forEach(device => {
+        const card = document.createElement('div');
+        card.className = 'discovery-item' + (device.already_added ? ' discovery-item--added' : '');
+        const meta = [device.ip];
+        if (device.led_count) meta.push(device.led_count + ' LEDs');
+        if (device.version) meta.push('v' + device.version);
+        card.innerHTML = `
+            <div class="discovery-item-info">
+                <strong>${escapeHtml(device.name)}</strong>
+                <small>${escapeHtml(meta.join(' \u00b7 '))}</small>
+            </div>
+            ${device.already_added
+                ? '<span class="discovery-badge">' + t('device.scan.already_added') + '</span>'
+                : ''}
+        `;
+        if (!device.already_added) {
+            card.onclick = () => selectDiscoveredDevice(device);
+        }
+        list.appendChild(card);
+    });
+}
+
+function _populateSerialPortDropdown(devices) {
+    const select = document.getElementById('device-serial-port');
+    select.innerHTML = '';
+
+    if (devices.length === 0) {
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = '';
+        opt.textContent = t('device.serial_port.none') || 'No serial ports found';
+        opt.disabled = true;
+        select.appendChild(opt);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    devices.forEach(device => {
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = device.url;
+        opt.textContent = device.name;
+        if (device.already_added) {
+            opt.textContent += ' (' + t('device.scan.already_added') + ')';
+        }
+        select.appendChild(opt);
+    });
+}
+
+function onSerialPortFocus() {
+    // Lazy-load: trigger discovery when user opens the serial port dropdown
+    if (!('adalight' in _discoveryCache)) {
+        scanForDevices('adalight');
+    }
+}
+
+async function _populateSettingsSerialPorts(currentUrl) {
+    const select = document.getElementById('settings-serial-port');
+    select.innerHTML = '';
+    // Show loading placeholder
+    const loadingOpt = document.createElement('option');
+    loadingOpt.value = currentUrl;
+    loadingOpt.textContent = currentUrl + ' ⏳';
+    select.appendChild(loadingOpt);
+
+    try {
+        const resp = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/devices/discover?timeout=2&device_type=adalight`, {
+            headers: getHeaders()
+        });
+        if (!resp.ok) return;
+        const data = await resp.json();
+        const devices = data.devices || [];
+
+        select.innerHTML = '';
+        // Always include current port even if not discovered
+        let currentFound = false;
+        devices.forEach(device => {
+            const opt = document.createElement('option');
+            opt.value = device.url;
+            opt.textContent = device.name;
+            if (device.url === currentUrl) currentFound = true;
+            select.appendChild(opt);
+        });
+        if (!currentFound) {
+            const opt = document.createElement('option');
+            opt.value = currentUrl;
+            opt.textContent = currentUrl;
+            select.insertBefore(opt, select.firstChild);
+        }
+        select.value = currentUrl;
+    } catch (err) {
+        console.error('Failed to discover serial ports:', err);
+        // Keep the current URL as fallback
+    }
+}
 
 function showAddDevice() {
     const modal = document.getElementById('add-device-modal');
@@ -881,6 +1094,7 @@ function showAddDevice() {
     const error = document.getElementById('add-device-error');
     form.reset();
     error.style.display = 'none';
+    _discoveryCache = {};
     // Reset discovery section
     const section = document.getElementById('discovery-section');
     if (section) {
@@ -889,13 +1103,14 @@ function showAddDevice() {
         document.getElementById('discovery-empty').style.display = 'none';
         document.getElementById('discovery-loading').style.display = 'none';
     }
+    // Reset serial port dropdown
+    document.getElementById('device-serial-port').innerHTML = '';
     const scanBtn = document.getElementById('scan-network-btn');
     if (scanBtn) scanBtn.disabled = false;
     modal.style.display = 'flex';
     lockBody();
+    onDeviceTypeChanged();
     setTimeout(() => document.getElementById('device-name').focus(), 100);
-    // Auto-start discovery on open
-    scanForDevices();
 }
 
 function closeAddDeviceModal() {
@@ -904,9 +1119,12 @@ function closeAddDeviceModal() {
     unlockBody();
 }
 
-async function scanForDevices() {
-    if (_discoveryScanRunning) return;
-    _discoveryScanRunning = true;
+async function scanForDevices(forceType) {
+    const scanType = forceType || document.getElementById('device-type')?.value || 'wled';
+
+    // Per-type guard: prevent duplicate scans for the same type
+    if (_discoveryScanRunning === scanType) return;
+    _discoveryScanRunning = scanType;
 
     const loading = document.getElementById('discovery-loading');
     const list = document.getElementById('discovery-list');
@@ -914,14 +1132,26 @@ async function scanForDevices() {
     const section = document.getElementById('discovery-section');
     const scanBtn = document.getElementById('scan-network-btn');
 
-    section.style.display = 'block';
-    loading.style.display = 'flex';
-    list.innerHTML = '';
-    empty.style.display = 'none';
+    if (scanType === 'adalight') {
+        // Show loading in the serial port dropdown
+        const select = document.getElementById('device-serial-port');
+        select.innerHTML = '';
+        const opt = document.createElement('option');
+        opt.value = '';
+        opt.textContent = '⏳';
+        opt.disabled = true;
+        select.appendChild(opt);
+    } else {
+        // Show the discovery section with loading spinner
+        section.style.display = 'block';
+        loading.style.display = 'flex';
+        list.innerHTML = '';
+        empty.style.display = 'none';
+    }
     if (scanBtn) scanBtn.disabled = true;
 
     try {
-        const response = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/devices/discover?timeout=3`, {
+        const response = await fetch(`${API_BASE}/devices/discover?timeout=3&device_type=${encodeURIComponent(scanType)}`, {
             headers: getHeaders()
         });
 
@@ -931,54 +1161,46 @@ async function scanForDevices() {
         if (scanBtn) scanBtn.disabled = false;
 
         if (!response.ok) {
-            empty.style.display = 'block';
-            empty.querySelector('small').textContent = t('device.scan.error');
+            if (scanType !== 'adalight') {
+                empty.style.display = 'block';
+                empty.querySelector('small').textContent = t('device.scan.error');
+            }
             return;
         }
 
         const data = await response.json();
+        _discoveryCache[scanType] = data.devices || [];
 
-        if (data.devices.length === 0) {
-            empty.style.display = 'block';
-            return;
+        // Only render if the user is still on this type
+        const currentType = document.getElementById('device-type')?.value;
+        if (currentType === scanType) {
+            _renderDiscoveryList();
         }
-
-        data.devices.forEach(device => {
-            const card = document.createElement('div');
-            card.className = 'discovery-item' + (device.already_added ? ' discovery-item--added' : '');
-            const meta = [device.ip];
-            if (device.led_count) meta.push(device.led_count + ' LEDs');
-            if (device.version) meta.push('v' + device.version);
-            card.innerHTML = `
-                <div class="discovery-item-info">
-                    <strong>${escapeHtml(device.name)}</strong>
-                    <small>${escapeHtml(meta.join(' \u00b7 '))}</small>
-                </div>
-                ${device.already_added
-                    ? '<span class="discovery-badge">' + t('device.scan.already_added') + '</span>'
-                    : ''}
-            `;
-            if (!device.already_added) {
-                card.onclick = () => selectDiscoveredDevice(device);
-            }
-            list.appendChild(card);
-        });
     } catch (err) {
         loading.style.display = 'none';
         if (scanBtn) scanBtn.disabled = false;
-        empty.style.display = 'block';
-        empty.querySelector('small').textContent = t('device.scan.error');
+        if (scanType !== 'adalight') {
+            empty.style.display = 'block';
+            empty.querySelector('small').textContent = t('device.scan.error');
+        }
         console.error('Device scan failed:', err);
     } finally {
-        _discoveryScanRunning = false;
+        if (_discoveryScanRunning === scanType) {
+            _discoveryScanRunning = false;
+        }
     }
 }
 
 function selectDiscoveredDevice(device) {
     document.getElementById('device-name').value = device.name;
-    document.getElementById('device-url').value = device.url;
     const typeSelect = document.getElementById('device-type');
     if (typeSelect) typeSelect.value = device.device_type;
+    onDeviceTypeChanged();
+    if (device.device_type === 'adalight') {
+        document.getElementById('device-serial-port').value = device.url;
+    } else {
+        document.getElementById('device-url').value = device.url;
+    }
     showToast(t('device.scan.selected'), 'info');
 }
 
@@ -986,7 +1208,10 @@ async function handleAddDevice(event) {
     event.preventDefault();
 
     const name = document.getElementById('device-name').value.trim();
-    const url = document.getElementById('device-url').value.trim();
+    const deviceType = document.getElementById('device-type')?.value || 'wled';
+    const url = deviceType === 'adalight'
+        ? document.getElementById('device-serial-port').value
+        : document.getElementById('device-url').value.trim();
     const error = document.getElementById('add-device-error');
 
     if (!name || !url) {
@@ -996,8 +1221,11 @@ async function handleAddDevice(event) {
     }
 
     try {
-        const deviceType = document.getElementById('device-type')?.value || 'wled';
         const body = { name, url, device_type: deviceType };
+        const ledCountInput = document.getElementById('device-led-count');
+        if (ledCountInput && ledCountInput.value) {
+            body.led_count = parseInt(ledCountInput.value, 10);
+        }
         const lastTemplateId = localStorage.getItem('lastCaptureTemplateId');
         if (lastTemplateId) {
             body.capture_template_id = lastTemplateId;
@@ -4274,7 +4502,9 @@ async function loadTargetsTab() {
         // Attach event listeners and fetch brightness for device cards
         devicesWithState.forEach(device => {
             attachDeviceListeners(device.id);
-            fetchDeviceBrightness(device.id);
+            if ((device.capabilities || []).includes('brightness_control')) {
+                fetchDeviceBrightness(device.id);
+            }
         });
 
         // Manage KC WebSockets: connect for processing, disconnect for stopped

server/src/wled_controller/static/index.html

@@ -237,13 +237,30 @@
                         <input type="text" id="settings-device-name" data-i18n-placeholder="device.name.placeholder" placeholder="Living Room TV" required>
                     </div>
 
-                    <div class="form-group">
+                    <div class="form-group" id="settings-url-group">
                         <div class="label-row">
                             <label for="settings-device-url" data-i18n="device.url">URL:</label>
                             <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
                         </div>
                         <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="settings.url.hint">IP address or hostname of the device</small>
-                        <input type="url" id="settings-device-url" data-i18n-placeholder="device.url.placeholder" placeholder="http://192.168.1.100" required>
+                        <input type="text" id="settings-device-url" data-i18n-placeholder="device.url.placeholder" placeholder="http://192.168.1.100" required>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="form-group" id="settings-serial-port-group" style="display: none;">
+                        <div class="label-row">
+                            <label for="settings-serial-port" data-i18n="device.serial_port">Serial Port:</label>
+                            <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                        </div>
+                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.serial_port.hint">Select the COM port of the Adalight device</small>
+                        <select id="settings-serial-port"></select>
+                    </div>
+
+                    <div class="form-group" id="settings-led-count-group" style="display: none;">
+                        <div class="label-row">
+                            <label for="settings-led-count" data-i18n="device.led_count">LED Count:</label>
+                            <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                        </div>
+                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.led_count_manual.hint">Number of LEDs on the strip (must match your Arduino sketch)</small>
+                        <input type="number" id="settings-led-count" min="1" max="10000">
                     </div>
 
                     <div class="form-group">
@@ -582,7 +599,7 @@
                     </div>
                     <div id="discovery-list" class="discovery-list"></div>
                     <div id="discovery-empty" style="display: none;">
-                        <small data-i18n="device.scan.empty">No WLED devices found on the network</small>
+                        <small data-i18n="device.scan.empty">No devices found</small>
                     </div>
                     <hr class="modal-divider">
                 </div>
@@ -593,21 +610,38 @@
                             <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
                         </div>
                         <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.type.hint">Select the type of LED controller</small>
-                        <select id="device-type">
+                        <select id="device-type" onchange="onDeviceTypeChanged()">
                             <option value="wled">WLED</option>
+                            <option value="adalight">Adalight</option>
                         </select>
                     </div>
                     <div class="form-group">
                         <label for="device-name" data-i18n="device.name">Device Name:</label>
                         <input type="text" id="device-name" data-i18n-placeholder="device.name.placeholder" placeholder="Living Room TV" required>
                     </div>
-                    <div class="form-group">
+                    <div class="form-group" id="device-url-group">
                         <div class="label-row">
-                            <label for="device-url" data-i18n="device.url">URL:</label>
+                            <label for="device-url" id="device-url-label" data-i18n="device.url">URL:</label>
                             <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
                         </div>
-                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.url.hint">IP address or hostname of the device (e.g. http://192.168.1.100)</small>
-                        <input type="url" id="device-url" data-i18n-placeholder="device.url.placeholder" placeholder="http://192.168.1.100" required>
+                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" id="device-url-hint" data-i18n="device.url.hint">IP address or hostname of the device (e.g. http://192.168.1.100)</small>
+                        <input type="text" id="device-url" data-i18n-placeholder="device.url.placeholder" placeholder="http://192.168.1.100" required>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="form-group" id="device-serial-port-group" style="display: none;">
+                        <div class="label-row">
+                            <label for="device-serial-port" id="device-serial-port-label" data-i18n="device.serial_port">Serial Port:</label>
+                            <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                        </div>
+                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.serial_port.hint">Select the COM port of the Adalight device</small>
+                        <select id="device-serial-port" onfocus="onSerialPortFocus()"></select>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="form-group" id="device-led-count-group" style="display: none;">
+                        <div class="label-row">
+                            <label for="device-led-count" data-i18n="device.led_count">LED Count:</label>
+                            <button type="button" class="hint-toggle" onclick="toggleHint(this)" title="?">?</button>
+                        </div>
+                        <small class="input-hint" style="display:none" data-i18n="device.led_count_manual.hint">Number of LEDs on the strip (must match your Arduino sketch)</small>
+                        <input type="number" id="device-led-count" min="1" max="10000" placeholder="60">
                     </div>
                     <div id="add-device-error" class="error-message" style="display: none;"></div>
                 </form>

server/src/wled_controller/static/locales/en.json

@@ -102,12 +102,16 @@
   "devices.wled_note_webui": "(open your device's IP in a browser).",
   "devices.wled_note2": "This controller sends pixel color data and controls brightness per device.",
   "device.scan": "Auto Discovery",
-  "device.scan.empty": "No WLED devices found on the network",
+  "device.scan.empty": "No devices found",
   "device.scan.error": "Network scan failed",
   "device.scan.already_added": "Already added",
   "device.scan.selected": "Device selected",
   "device.type": "Device Type:",
   "device.type.hint": "Select the type of LED controller",
+  "device.serial_port": "Serial Port:",
+  "device.serial_port.hint": "Select the COM port of the Adalight device",
+  "device.serial_port.none": "No serial ports found",
+  "device.led_count_manual.hint": "Number of LEDs on the strip (must match your Arduino sketch)",
   "device.url.hint": "IP address or hostname of the device (e.g. http://192.168.1.100)",
   "device.name": "Device Name:",
   "device.name.placeholder": "Living Room TV",

server/src/wled_controller/static/locales/ru.json

@@ -102,12 +102,16 @@
   "devices.wled_note_webui": "(откройте IP устройства в браузере).",
   "devices.wled_note2": "Этот контроллер отправляет данные о цвете пикселей и управляет яркостью для каждого устройства.",
   "device.scan": "Автопоиск",
-  "device.scan.empty": "WLED устройства не найдены в сети",
+  "device.scan.empty": "Устройства не найдены",
   "device.scan.error": "Ошибка сканирования сети",
   "device.scan.already_added": "Уже добавлено",
   "device.scan.selected": "Устройство выбрано",
   "device.type": "Тип устройства:",
   "device.type.hint": "Выберите тип LED контроллера",
+  "device.serial_port": "Серийный порт:",
+  "device.serial_port.hint": "Выберите COM порт устройства Adalight",
+  "device.serial_port.none": "Серийные порты не найдены",
+  "device.led_count_manual.hint": "Количество светодиодов на ленте (должно совпадать с вашим скетчем Arduino)",
   "device.url.hint": "IP адрес или имя хоста устройства (напр. http://192.168.1.100)",
   "device.name": "Имя Устройства:",
   "device.name.placeholder": "ТВ в Гостиной",

server/src/wled_controller/static/style.css

@@ -397,6 +397,16 @@ section {
     background: var(--border-color);
     white-space: nowrap;
 }
+.discovery-type-badge {
+    font-size: 10px;
+    padding: 1px 5px;
+    border-radius: 3px;
+    background: var(--primary-color);
+    color: #fff;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    vertical-align: middle;
+    margin-right: 2px;
+}
 .modal-divider {
     border: none;
     border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
@@ -1244,7 +1254,7 @@ input:-webkit-autofill:focus {
     position: relative;
     width: 100%;
     aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
-    margin: 40px auto 20px;
+    margin: 40px auto 40px;
     background: var(--card-bg);
     border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
     border-radius: 8px;