Files
Learn_System/frontend/js/labs/ionexchange.js
T
Maxim Dolgolyov 6de91f7595 fix(labs): SVG markup rendered as text in 6 simulations
Hardcoded inline <svg class="ic"> markers used as arrow replacements

(left over from emoji removal) were displayed as raw HTML text where

the consumer used textContent or canvas fillText:

- chemsandbox: csbar-v5 (Продукты cell) used textContent → SVG visible.

  Switched to innerHTML for consistency with eq/ionNet cells.

  Quiz question (qEl.textContent) and answer also receiving SVG —

  cleaned via _csClean at source.

- reactions: modeTxt drawn via canvas fillText — replaced SVG with →.

- ionexchange: REACTIONS data + canvas labels — bulk SVG → Unicode arrows.

- newton: action button labels used textContent → switched to innerHTML;

  canvas arrow labels: SVG → Unicode →/↓.

- collision: 'KE сохранена' canvas label — SVG checkmark → ✓.

- projectile: canvas badges + textContent wind label — SVG → Unicode ←/→/↩.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-17 10:47:50 +03:00

485 lines
18 KiB
JavaScript

'use strict';
/* ====================================================================
IonExSim — Реакции ионного обмена
==================================================================== */
class IonExSim {
/* ── Данные реакций ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
static RXN = {
ba_so4: {
name: 'BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄',
left: [{ f: 'Ba²⁺', color: '#4FC3F7', count: 7 }, { f: 'Cl⁻', color: '#AED581', count: 14 }],
right: [{ f: 'Na⁺', color: '#FFD54F', count: 14 }, { f: 'SO₄²⁻', color: '#F48FB1', count: 7 }],
reacts: ['Ba²⁺', 'SO₄²⁻'],
spectators: ['Cl⁻', 'Na⁺'],
product: { f: 'BaSO₄', color: '#E0E0E0' },
mol: 'BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2NaCl',
full_ion: 'Ba²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2Na⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄↓ + 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻',
net_ion: 'Ba²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄↓',
type: 'precip', pcolor: '#E0E0E0', pname: 'BaSO₄ — белый осадок',
sign: '↓', signColor: '#E0E0E0',
},
ag_cl: {
name: 'AgNO₃ + NaCl',
left: [{ f: 'Ag⁺', color: '#E0E0E0', count: 10 }, { f: 'NO₃⁻', color: '#FFCC02', count: 10 }],
right: [{ f: 'Na⁺', color: '#FFD54F', count: 10 }, { f: 'Cl⁻', color: '#AED581', count: 10 }],
reacts: ['Ag⁺', 'Cl⁻'],
spectators: ['NO₃⁻', 'Na⁺'],
product: { f: 'AgCl', color: '#F5F5F5' },
mol: 'AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl↓ + NaNO₃',
full_ion: 'Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ + Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → AgCl↓ + Na⁺ + NO₃⁻',
net_ion: 'Ag⁺ + Cl⁻ → AgCl↓',
type: 'precip', pcolor: '#F5F5F5', pname: 'AgCl — белый творожистый осадок',
sign: '↓', signColor: '#F5F5F5',
},
co3_hcl: {
name: 'Na₂CO₃ + HCl',
left: [{ f: 'Na⁺', color: '#FFD54F', count: 10 }, { f: 'CO₃²⁻', color: '#CE93D8', count: 5 }],
right: [{ f: 'H⁺', color: '#EF5350', count: 10 }, { f: 'Cl⁻', color: '#AED581', count: 10 }],
reacts: ['CO₃²⁻', 'H⁺'],
spectators: ['Na⁺', 'Cl⁻'],
product: { f: 'CO₂↑', color: '#B0BEC5' },
mol: 'Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO₂↑ + H₂O',
full_ion: '2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ → 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + CO₂↑ + H₂O',
net_ion: 'CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ → CO₂↑ + H₂O',
type: 'gas', gcolor: '#B0BEC5', gname: 'CO₂ — углекислый газ',
sign: '↑', signColor: '#B0BEC5',
},
pb_i: {
name: 'Pb(NO₃)₂ + KI',
left: [{ f: 'Pb²⁺', color: '#F48FB1', count: 6 }, { f: 'NO₃⁻', color: '#FFCC02', count: 12 }],
right: [{ f: 'K⁺', color: '#80CBC4', count: 12 }, { f: 'I⁻', color: '#CE93D8', count: 12 }],
reacts: ['Pb²⁺', 'I⁻'],
spectators: ['NO₃⁻', 'K⁺'],
product: { f: 'PbI₂', color: '#F9A825' },
mol: 'Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI → PbI₂↓ + 2KNO₃',
full_ion: 'Pb²⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + 2K⁺ + 2I⁻ → PbI₂↓ + 2K⁺ + 2NO₃⁻',
net_ion: 'Pb²⁺ + 2I⁻ → PbI₂↓',
type: 'precip', pcolor: '#F9A825', pname: 'PbI₂ — ярко-жёлтый осадок',
sign: '↓', signColor: '#F9A825',
},
ca_co3: {
name: 'CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃',
left: [{ f: 'Ca²⁺', color: '#FF8A65', count: 8 }, { f: 'Cl⁻', color: '#AED581', count: 16 }],
right: [{ f: 'Na⁺', color: '#FFD54F', count: 16 }, { f: 'CO₃²⁻', color: '#CE93D8', count: 8 }],
reacts: ['Ca²⁺', 'CO₃²⁻'],
spectators: ['Cl⁻', 'Na⁺'],
product: { f: 'CaCO₃', color: '#F5F5F5' },
mol: 'CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → CaCO₃↓ + 2NaCl',
full_ion: 'Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + 2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ → CaCO₃↓ + 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻',
net_ion: 'Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻ → CaCO₃↓',
type: 'precip', pcolor: '#F5F5F5', pname: 'CaCO₃ — белый осадок (мел)',
sign: '↓', signColor: '#F5F5F5',
},
};
constructor(canvas) {
this.canvas = canvas;
this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
this.rxnId = 'ba_so4';
this._raf = null;
this._last = 0;
this._t = 0;
this._phase = 'idle'; // idle | mixing | pairing | done
this._prog = 0;
this._stepIdx = 0;
this._stepTimer = 0;
this._ions = [];
this._pairs = [];
this._precip = [];
this._gas = [];
this.W = 0; this.H = 0;
this.onUpdate = null;
this.fit();
this._initIons();
}
fit() {
const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
const W = this.canvas.offsetWidth || 600;
const H = this.canvas.offsetHeight || 400;
this.canvas.width = Math.round(W * dpr);
this.canvas.height = Math.round(H * dpr);
this.ctx.setTransform(dpr, 0, 0, dpr, 0, 0);
this.W = W; this.H = H;
this._initIons();
}
setReaction(id) {
if (!IonExSim.RXN[id]) return;
this.rxnId = id;
this.reset();
}
reset() {
this._phase = 'idle'; this._prog = 0;
this._stepIdx = 0; this._stepTimer = 0;
this._pairs = []; this._precip = []; this._gas = [];
this._initIons();
this.draw();
}
_initIons() {
const { W, H } = this;
const rxn = IonExSim.RXN[this.rxnId];
const bTop = H * 0.10, bBot = H * 0.78;
this._ions = [];
/* Left beaker ions */
rxn.left.forEach(spec => {
for (let i = 0; i < spec.count; i++) {
this._ions.push({
x: W * 0.10 + Math.random() * W * 0.36,
y: bTop + 20 + Math.random() * (bBot - bTop - 40),
vx: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8, vy: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8,
spec: spec.f, color: spec.color,
r: 8 + Math.random() * 3,
phase: Math.random() * Math.PI * 2,
active: true, side: 'L',
reacts: rxn.reacts.includes(spec.f),
paired: false,
});
}
});
/* Right beaker ions */
rxn.right.forEach(spec => {
for (let i = 0; i < spec.count; i++) {
this._ions.push({
x: W * 0.54 + Math.random() * W * 0.36,
y: bTop + 20 + Math.random() * (bBot - bTop - 40),
vx: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8, vy: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8,
spec: spec.f, color: spec.color,
r: 8 + Math.random() * 3,
phase: Math.random() * Math.PI * 2,
active: true, side: 'R',
reacts: rxn.reacts.includes(spec.f),
paired: false,
});
}
});
}
start() {
if (this._phase !== 'idle') this.reset();
this._phase = 'mixing'; this._prog = 0;
if (this._raf) return;
this._last = performance.now();
const loop = t => { this._raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop); this._tick(t); };
this._raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
}
stop() { cancelAnimationFrame(this._raf); this._raf = null; }
/* ── Физика ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
_tick(t) {
const dt = Math.min((t - this._last) / 1000, 0.05);
this._last = t; this._t += dt;
const { W, H } = this;
const rxn = IonExSim.RXN[this.rxnId];
if (this._phase === 'mixing') {
this._prog = Math.min(1, this._prog + dt * 0.32);
this._ions.forEach(ion => {
if (!ion.active) return;
const tx = W * 0.5 + (Math.random() - 0.5) * W * 0.72;
const ty = H * 0.44 + (Math.random() - 0.5) * H * 0.38;
ion.vx += (tx - ion.x) * 0.003 * this._prog;
ion.vy += (ty - ion.y) * 0.003 * this._prog;
ion.vx += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.7;
ion.vy += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.7;
ion.vx *= 0.88; ion.vy *= 0.88;
ion.x += ion.vx; ion.y += ion.vy;
ion.phase += dt * 2;
this._clampIon(ion);
});
if (this._prog >= 1) { this._phase = 'pairing'; this._prog = 0; }
}
if (this._phase === 'pairing') {
this._prog = Math.min(1, this._prog + dt * 0.16);
this._stepTimer += dt;
if (this._stepTimer > 1.5 && this._stepIdx < 2) { this._stepIdx++; this._stepTimer = 0; }
this._ions.forEach(ion => {
if (!ion.active || ion.paired) return;
ion.vx += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8;
ion.vy += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8;
ion.vx *= 0.88; ion.vy *= 0.88;
ion.x += ion.vx; ion.y += ion.vy;
ion.phase += dt * 2;
this._clampIon(ion);
});
/* Pair up reactive ions */
if (Math.random() < 0.10 * (0.5 + this._prog)) this._doPair(rxn);
/* Animate pairs */
this._pairs.forEach(p => {
p.flashT = Math.max(0, p.flashT - dt * 2.5);
if (rxn.type === 'precip') {
p.vy = Math.min(p.vy + 0.15, 5);
p.y += p.vy;
if (p.y >= H * 0.78 && !p.settled) {
p.y = H * 0.78; p.vy = 0; p.settled = true;
this._precip.push({ x: p.x, y: p.y, r: p.r, id: p.id });
}
} else if (rxn.type === 'gas') {
p.vy = Math.max(p.vy - 0.08, -4);
p.y += p.vy;
p.alpha = Math.max(0, p.alpha - 0.004);
}
});
this._pairs = this._pairs.filter(p => !p.settled && (p.alpha === undefined || p.alpha > 0));
if (this._prog >= 1) { this._phase = 'done'; this._stepIdx = 2; }
}
if (this._phase === 'done') {
this._ions.forEach(ion => {
if (!ion.active || ion.paired) return;
ion.vx += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.45;
ion.vy += (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.45;
ion.vx *= 0.92; ion.vy *= 0.92;
ion.x += ion.vx; ion.y += ion.vy;
ion.phase += dt;
this._clampIon(ion);
});
}
this.draw();
if (this.onUpdate) this.onUpdate(this.info());
}
_clampIon(ion) {
const { W, H } = this;
const bTop = H * 0.10, bBot = H * 0.78;
if (ion.x < ion.r + 6) { ion.x = ion.r + 6; ion.vx *= -0.5; }
if (ion.x > W - ion.r - 6) { ion.x = W - ion.r - 6; ion.vx *= -0.5; }
if (ion.y < bTop + ion.r) { ion.y = bTop + ion.r; ion.vy *= -0.5; }
if (ion.y > bBot - ion.r) { ion.y = bBot - ion.r; ion.vy *= -0.5; }
}
_doPair(rxn) {
const r1 = rxn.reacts[0], r2 = rxn.reacts[1];
const pool1 = this._ions.filter(i => i.active && !i.paired && i.spec === r1);
const pool2 = this._ions.filter(i => i.active && !i.paired && i.spec === r2);
if (!pool1.length || !pool2.length) return;
const a = pool1[Math.floor(Math.random() * pool1.length)];
const b = pool2[Math.floor(Math.random() * pool2.length)];
a.paired = true; b.paired = true;
a.active = false; b.active = false;
this._pairs.push({
id: this._t + Math.random(),
x: (a.x + b.x) / 2, y: (a.y + b.y) / 2,
vy: rxn.type === 'gas' ? -2 : 0,
r: 7, flashT: 1, settled: false, alpha: 1,
});
}
/* ── Рендеринг ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
draw() {
const { ctx, W, H } = this;
const rxn = IonExSim.RXN[this.rxnId];
ctx.fillStyle = '#07071A';
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, W, H);
/* Dot grid */
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.07)';
for (let x = 0; x < W; x += 28) {
for (let y = 0; y < H; y += 28) {
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(x, y, 0.8, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
}
}
if (this._phase === 'idle') {
this._drawTwoBeakers(ctx, W, H, rxn);
} else {
this._drawSingleBeaker(ctx, W, H);
}
this._drawIons(ctx, rxn);
this._drawPairs(ctx, rxn);
this._drawPrecipitate(ctx, rxn);
this._drawPanel(ctx, W, H, rxn);
}
_drawTwoBeakers(ctx, W, H, rxn) {
const drawB = (x, y, w, h, ions) => {
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(120,185,255,0.55)'; ctx.lineWidth = 2;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x, y); ctx.lineTo(x, y + h);
ctx.lineTo(x + w, y + h); ctx.lineTo(x + w, y);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(x - 4, y); ctx.lineTo(x + w + 4, y); ctx.stroke();
/* Rim highlight */
const hlg = ctx.createLinearGradient(x, y, x + 14, y + h);
hlg.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(200,230,255,0.15)');
hlg.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(200,230,255,0.02)');
ctx.strokeStyle = hlg; ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(x + 7, y + 6); ctx.lineTo(x + 7, y + h - 6); ctx.stroke();
/* Formula label */
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.22)'; ctx.font = 'bold 11px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom';
const label = ions.map(s => s.f).join(', ');
ctx.fillText(label, x + w / 2, y - 4);
ctx.restore();
};
const bTop = H * 0.10, bH = H * 0.70;
drawB(W * 0.04, bTop, W * 0.40, bH, rxn.left);
drawB(W * 0.56, bTop, W * 0.40, bH, rxn.right);
/* Mix arrow */
ctx.save();
const mx = W * 0.50, my = H * 0.44;
ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.22)'; ctx.lineWidth = 2;
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.22)';
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(mx - 16, my); ctx.lineTo(mx + 16, my); ctx.stroke();
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(mx + 10, my - 5); ctx.lineTo(mx + 16, my); ctx.lineTo(mx + 10, my + 5); ctx.fill();
ctx.restore();
}
_drawSingleBeaker(ctx, W, H) {
const bx = W * 0.04, by = H * 0.08, bw = W * 0.92, bh = H * 0.72;
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(120,185,255,0.60)'; ctx.lineWidth = 2.5;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(bx, by); ctx.lineTo(bx, by + bh);
ctx.lineTo(bx + bw, by + bh); ctx.lineTo(bx + bw, by);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(bx - 5, by); ctx.lineTo(bx + bw + 5, by); ctx.stroke();
const hlg = ctx.createLinearGradient(bx, by, bx + 18, by + bh);
hlg.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(200,230,255,0.18)');
hlg.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(200,230,255,0.02)');
ctx.strokeStyle = hlg; ctx.lineWidth = 6;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(bx + 8, by + 8); ctx.lineTo(bx + 8, by + bh - 8); ctx.stroke();
ctx.restore();
}
_drawIons(ctx, rxn) {
this._ions.forEach(ion => {
if (!ion.active) return;
const isSpec = rxn.spectators.includes(ion.spec);
ctx.save();
ctx.globalAlpha = (isSpec && this._phase !== 'idle') ? 0.40 : 0.88;
ctx.shadowColor = ion.color;
ctx.shadowBlur = 7 + Math.sin(ion.phase) * 3;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(ion.x, ion.y, ion.r, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fillStyle = ion.color; ctx.fill();
ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.18)'; ctx.lineWidth = 1; ctx.stroke();
ctx.shadowBlur = 0; ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
/* Formula label */
const fs = Math.min(Math.round(ion.r * 0.60), 9);
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(0,0,0,0.80)';
ctx.font = `bold ${fs}px monospace`;
ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';
ctx.fillText(ion.spec, ion.x, ion.y);
ctx.restore();
});
}
_drawPairs(ctx, rxn) {
const pcolor = rxn.pcolor || rxn.gcolor || '#FFF';
this._pairs.forEach(p => {
ctx.save();
const alpha = p.alpha !== undefined ? p.alpha : 1;
ctx.globalAlpha = alpha * 0.92;
ctx.shadowColor = p.flashT > 0 ? '#FFFFFF' : pcolor;
ctx.shadowBlur = p.flashT > 0 ? 28 * p.flashT : 8;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(p.x, p.y, p.r, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fillStyle = p.flashT > 0 ? `rgba(255,255,255,${p.flashT * 0.9})` : pcolor;
ctx.fill();
ctx.shadowBlur = 0; ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
/* Product label */
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(0,0,0,0.80)';
ctx.font = 'bold 7px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';
ctx.fillText(rxn.product.f, p.x, p.y);
ctx.restore();
});
}
_drawPrecipitate(ctx, rxn) {
if (rxn.type !== 'precip' || !this._precip.length) return;
ctx.save();
this._precip.forEach(p => {
ctx.shadowColor = rxn.pcolor; ctx.shadowBlur = 3;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(p.x, p.y, p.r, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fillStyle = rxn.pcolor; ctx.fill();
});
ctx.restore();
if (this._precip.length > 4) {
ctx.save();
ctx.fillStyle = rxn.pcolor; ctx.font = 'bold 10px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom';
ctx.shadowColor = rxn.pcolor; ctx.shadowBlur = 6;
ctx.fillText(`↓ ${rxn.pname}`, this.W / 2, this.H * 0.80 - 4);
ctx.restore();
}
}
_drawPanel(ctx, W, H, rxn) {
const py = H * 0.82;
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(7,7,26,0.95)';
ctx.fillRect(0, py, W, H - py);
ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(100,165,255,0.22)'; ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(0, py); ctx.lineTo(W, py); ctx.stroke();
if (this._phase === 'idle') {
ctx.fillStyle = '#37474F'; ctx.font = '11px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';
ctx.fillText('← Нажми «Смешать» для начала реакции →', W / 2, py + (H - py) / 2);
return;
}
const steps = [
{ lbl: 'Молекулярное:', txt: rxn.mol, col: '#B0BEC5' },
{ lbl: 'Полное ионное:', txt: rxn.full_ion, col: '#CE93D8' },
{ lbl: 'Краткое ионное:', txt: rxn.net_ion, col: '#FFD166' },
];
const panH = H - py;
const n = Math.min(this._stepIdx + 1, steps.length);
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
const s = steps[i];
const y = py + 11 + i * (panH * 0.29);
ctx.save();
if (i === this._stepIdx && this._phase !== 'done') {
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.04)';
ctx.fillRect(8, y - 9, W - 16, 20);
}
ctx.fillStyle = s.col; ctx.font = 'bold 9.5px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'left'; ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';
ctx.fillText(s.lbl, 14, y);
ctx.fillStyle = (i === this._stepIdx && this._phase !== 'done') ? '#FFF' : 'rgba(255,255,255,0.62)';
ctx.font = '9.5px monospace';
ctx.fillText(s.txt, 14 + ctx.measureText(s.lbl).width + 8, y);
ctx.restore();
}
if (this._phase === 'done') {
ctx.save();
ctx.fillStyle = rxn.signColor; ctx.font = 'bold 10px monospace';
ctx.textAlign = 'right'; ctx.textBaseline = 'top';
ctx.shadowColor = rxn.signColor; ctx.shadowBlur = 8;
const label = rxn.type === 'precip' ? `✓ ${rxn.sign} осадок` : `✓ ${rxn.sign} газ`;
ctx.fillText(label, W - 14, py + 3);
ctx.restore();
}
}
info() {
const rxn = IonExSim.RXN[this.rxnId];
return {
rxn: rxn.name,
phase: this._phase,
prog: Math.round(this._prog * 100),
precip: this._precip.length,
};
}
}