Maxim Dolgolyov
ae31e4c4e8
lab-init.js: 4098 -> 543 lines (infrastructure + THEORY only) Each sim's _open*() + UI helpers moved to its engine file: graph.js, projectile.js, collision.js, magnetic.js, triangle.js, geometry.js, trigcircle.js, gas.js (molphys), coulomb.js, circuit.js, reactions.js (chemistry), newton.js (dynamics), chemsandbox.js, celldivision.js, photosynthesis.js, angrybirds.js, quadratic.js, normaldist.js, graphtransform.js, pendulum.js, equilibrium.js, thinlens.js, mirror.js, isoprocess.js, titration.js, refraction.js, probability.js, bohratom.js, electrolysis.js, waves.js, crystal.js, orbitals.js, stereo.js, hydrostatics.js All 34 engine files syntax-checked OK.
453 lines
15 KiB
JavaScript
453 lines
15 KiB
JavaScript
'use strict';
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/* ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
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PendulumSim — simple pendulum simulation
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θ'' = -(g/L)sin(θ) − γ·θ'
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RK4 integration · energy bar · trail · phase portrait
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══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
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class PendulumSim {
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constructor(canvas) {
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this.canvas = canvas;
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this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
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this.W = 0; this.H = 0;
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/* physics */
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this.L = 200; // px length
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this.g = 9.81;
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this.theta = Math.PI / 4; // angle (rad)
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this.omega = 0; // angular velocity
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this.damping = 0; // damping coefficient γ
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/* animation */
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this.playing = false;
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this._raf = null;
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this._lastTs = null;
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this.speed = 1;
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/* trail */
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this._trail = []; // [{x, y, age}]
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this._maxTrail = 200;
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/* energy chart (bottom) */
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this._eHistory = []; // [{t, ke, pe}]
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this._tSim = 0;
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this.onUpdate = null;
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this._drag = null;
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this._bindEvents();
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new ResizeObserver(() => { this.fit(); this.draw(); }).observe(canvas.parentElement);
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}
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/* ── public API ─────────────────────────────── */
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fit() {
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const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
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const w = this.canvas.offsetWidth || 600;
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const h = this.canvas.offsetHeight || 400;
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this.canvas.width = w * dpr;
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this.canvas.height = h * dpr;
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this.ctx.setTransform(dpr, 0, 0, dpr, 0, 0);
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this.W = w; this.H = h;
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}
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getParams() {
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return { L: this.L, g: this.g, theta: +(this.theta * 180 / Math.PI).toFixed(3), damping: this.damping };
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}
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setParams({ L, g, theta, damping } = {}) {
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if (L !== undefined) this.L = +L;
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if (g !== undefined) this.g = +g;
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if (theta !== undefined) { this.theta = +theta * Math.PI / 180; this.omega = 0; this._clearTrail(); }
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if (damping !== undefined) this.damping = +damping;
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this.draw();
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this._emit();
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}
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play() {
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if (this.playing) return;
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this.playing = true;
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this._lastTs = null;
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this._tick();
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}
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pause() {
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this.playing = false;
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if (this._raf) { cancelAnimationFrame(this._raf); this._raf = null; }
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}
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reset() {
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this.pause();
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this.theta = Math.PI / 4;
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this.omega = 0;
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this._tSim = 0;
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this._clearTrail();
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this._eHistory = [];
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this.draw();
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this._emit();
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}
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start() { this.play(); }
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stop() { this.pause(); }
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info() {
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const T = 2 * Math.PI * Math.sqrt(this.L / (this.g * 100)); // L in px <svg class="ic" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><line x1="5" y1="12" x2="19" y2="12"/><polyline points="12 5 19 12 12 19"/></svg> approx
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const KE = 0.5 * this.omega * this.omega * this.L * this.L;
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const PE = this.g * 100 * this.L * (1 - Math.cos(this.theta));
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const total = KE + PE;
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return {
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angle: (this.theta * 180 / Math.PI).toFixed(1) + '°',
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omega: this.omega.toFixed(3) + ' рад/с',
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period: T.toFixed(2) + ' с',
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energy: total > 0 ? Math.round(KE / total * 100) + '% KE' : '—',
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};
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}
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/* ── internals ─────────────────────────────── */
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_emit() { if (this.onUpdate) this.onUpdate(this.info()); }
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_clearTrail() { this._trail = []; }
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_tick() {
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if (!this.playing) return;
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this._raf = requestAnimationFrame(ts => {
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if (this._lastTs === null) this._lastTs = ts;
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const rawDt = Math.min((ts - this._lastTs) / 1000, 0.05);
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this._lastTs = ts;
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const dt = rawDt * this.speed;
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this._step(dt);
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this._tSim += dt;
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// trail
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const { bx, by } = this._bobPos();
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this._trail.push({ x: bx, y: by });
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if (this._trail.length > this._maxTrail) this._trail.shift();
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// energy history
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const KE = 0.5 * this.omega * this.omega * this.L * this.L;
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const PE = this.g * 100 * this.L * (1 - Math.cos(this.theta));
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this._eHistory.push({ t: this._tSim, ke: KE, pe: PE });
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if (this._eHistory.length > 300) this._eHistory.shift();
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this.draw();
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this._emit();
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this._tick();
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});
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}
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/* RK4 step for θ'' = -(g/L)sinθ - γ·ω */
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_step(dt) {
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const gL = this.g * 100 / this.L; // scale g for px units
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const c = this.damping;
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const deriv = (th, om) => ({
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dth: om,
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dom: -gL * Math.sin(th) - c * om,
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});
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const k1 = deriv(this.theta, this.omega);
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const k2 = deriv(this.theta + k1.dth * dt / 2, this.omega + k1.dom * dt / 2);
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const k3 = deriv(this.theta + k2.dth * dt / 2, this.omega + k2.dom * dt / 2);
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const k4 = deriv(this.theta + k3.dth * dt, this.omega + k3.dom * dt);
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this.theta += dt / 6 * (k1.dth + 2 * k2.dth + 2 * k3.dth + k4.dth);
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this.omega += dt / 6 * (k1.dom + 2 * k2.dom + 2 * k3.dom + k4.dom);
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}
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_bobPos() {
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const cx = this.W / 2;
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const cy = Math.min(this.H * 0.18, 80);
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return {
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px: cx,
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py: cy,
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bx: cx + this.L * Math.sin(this.theta),
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by: cy + this.L * Math.cos(this.theta),
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};
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}
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/* ── draw ──────────────────────────────────── */
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draw() {
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const ctx = this.ctx, W = this.W, H = this.H;
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if (!W || !H) return;
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ctx.fillStyle = '#0D0D1A';
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ctx.fillRect(0, 0, W, H);
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const { px, py, bx, by } = this._bobPos();
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// trail
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this._drawTrail(ctx);
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// support
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ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.25)';
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ctx.fillRect(W / 2 - 30, py - 4, 60, 4);
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// string
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ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.6)';
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ctx.lineWidth = 2;
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.moveTo(px, py); ctx.lineTo(bx, by); ctx.stroke();
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// pivot
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ctx.fillStyle = '#666';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(px, py, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
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// bob
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const bobR = 18;
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ctx.fillStyle = '#9B5DE5';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(bx, by, bobR, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
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ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.5)'; ctx.lineWidth = 2; ctx.stroke();
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// glow
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const grad = ctx.createRadialGradient(bx, by, 0, bx, by, bobR * 2);
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grad.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(155,93,229,0.25)');
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grad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(155,93,229,0)');
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ctx.fillStyle = grad;
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(bx, by, bobR * 2, 0, Math.PI * 2); ctx.fill();
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// angle arc
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if (Math.abs(this.theta) > 0.02) {
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ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(6,214,224,0.5)';
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ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;
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const arcR = 40;
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const startAngle = Math.PI / 2;
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const endAngle = Math.PI / 2 + this.theta;
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ctx.beginPath();
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ctx.arc(px, py, arcR, Math.min(startAngle, endAngle), Math.max(startAngle, endAngle));
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ctx.stroke();
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ctx.fillStyle = '#06D6E0';
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ctx.font = '12px Manrope, sans-serif';
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ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';
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const labelAngle = startAngle + this.theta / 2;
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ctx.fillText(
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(this.theta * 180 / Math.PI).toFixed(1) + '°',
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px + (arcR + 16) * Math.cos(labelAngle),
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py + (arcR + 16) * Math.sin(labelAngle)
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);
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}
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// energy bar
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this._drawEnergyBar(ctx, W, H);
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// energy chart
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this._drawEnergyChart(ctx, W, H);
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}
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_drawTrail(ctx) {
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const n = this._trail.length;
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if (n < 2) return;
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for (let i = 1; i < n; i++) {
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const a = i / n * 0.6;
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ctx.strokeStyle = `rgba(155,93,229,${a})`;
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ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;
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ctx.beginPath();
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ctx.moveTo(this._trail[i - 1].x, this._trail[i - 1].y);
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ctx.lineTo(this._trail[i].x, this._trail[i].y);
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ctx.stroke();
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}
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}
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_drawEnergyBar(ctx, W, H) {
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const KE = 0.5 * this.omega * this.omega * this.L * this.L;
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const PE = this.g * 100 * this.L * (1 - Math.cos(this.theta));
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const total = KE + PE || 1;
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const bw = 160, bh = 14;
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const x = W - bw - 20, y = 20;
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ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(22,22,38,0.85)';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.roundRect(x - 8, y - 6, bw + 16, bh + 32, 8); ctx.fill();
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// KE bar
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const kw = (KE / total) * bw;
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ctx.fillStyle = '#EF476F';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.roundRect(x, y, Math.max(2, kw), bh, 4); ctx.fill();
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// PE bar
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ctx.fillStyle = '#06D6E0';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.roundRect(x + kw, y, Math.max(2, bw - kw), bh, 4); ctx.fill();
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ctx.font = '10px Manrope, sans-serif';
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ctx.textBaseline = 'top';
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ctx.fillStyle = '#EF476F'; ctx.textAlign = 'left';
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ctx.fillText('KE ' + Math.round(KE / total * 100) + '%', x, y + bh + 4);
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ctx.fillStyle = '#06D6E0'; ctx.textAlign = 'right';
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ctx.fillText('PE ' + Math.round(PE / total * 100) + '%', x + bw, y + bh + 4);
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}
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_drawEnergyChart(ctx, W, H) {
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const data = this._eHistory;
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if (data.length < 2) return;
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const cw = Math.min(300, W * 0.4);
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const ch = 80;
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const cx = W - cw - 20;
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const cy = H - ch - 20;
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ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(22,22,38,0.7)';
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ctx.beginPath(); ctx.roundRect(cx - 8, cy - 8, cw + 16, ch + 16, 8); ctx.fill();
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let maxE = 0;
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for (const d of data) maxE = Math.max(maxE, d.ke + d.pe);
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if (maxE < 0.01) return;
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// PE filled area
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ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(6,214,224,0.2)';
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ctx.beginPath();
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ctx.moveTo(cx, cy + ch);
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for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
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const x = cx + (i / (data.length - 1)) * cw;
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const y = cy + ch - (data[i].pe / maxE) * ch;
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ctx.lineTo(x, y);
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}
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ctx.lineTo(cx + cw, cy + ch);
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ctx.closePath(); ctx.fill();
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// KE line
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ctx.strokeStyle = '#EF476F';
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ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;
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ctx.beginPath();
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for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
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const x = cx + (i / (data.length - 1)) * cw;
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const y = cy + ch - (data[i].ke / maxE) * ch;
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i === 0 ? ctx.moveTo(x, y) : ctx.lineTo(x, y);
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}
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ctx.stroke();
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// total line
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ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.25)';
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ctx.lineWidth = 1;
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ctx.setLineDash([4, 4]);
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ctx.beginPath();
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for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
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const x = cx + (i / (data.length - 1)) * cw;
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const y = cy + ch - ((data[i].ke + data[i].pe) / maxE) * ch;
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i === 0 ? ctx.moveTo(x, y) : ctx.lineTo(x, y);
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}
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ctx.stroke();
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ctx.setLineDash([]);
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// labels
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ctx.font = '10px Manrope, sans-serif';
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ctx.textBaseline = 'bottom';
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ctx.fillStyle = '#EF476F'; ctx.textAlign = 'left'; ctx.fillText('KE', cx + 2, cy);
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ctx.fillStyle = '#06D6E0'; ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.fillText('PE', cx + 30, cy);
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ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.4)'; ctx.textAlign = 'right'; ctx.fillText('Total', cx + cw, cy);
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}
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/* ── events ─────────────────────────────────── */
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_bindEvents() {
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const cv = this.canvas;
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cv.addEventListener('mousedown', e => {
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const { bx, by } = this._bobPos();
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const r = cv.getBoundingClientRect();
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const mx = (e.clientX - r.left) * (this.W / r.width);
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const my = (e.clientY - r.top) * (this.H / r.height);
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if (Math.hypot(mx - bx, my - by) < 30) {
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this._drag = true;
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this.pause();
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}
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});
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window.addEventListener('mousemove', e => {
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if (!this._drag) return;
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const r = cv.getBoundingClientRect();
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const mx = (e.clientX - r.left) * (this.W / r.width);
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const my = (e.clientY - r.top) * (this.H / r.height);
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const { px, py } = this._bobPos();
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this.theta = Math.atan2(mx - px, my - py);
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this.omega = 0;
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this._clearTrail();
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this.draw();
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this._emit();
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});
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window.addEventListener('mouseup', () => {
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if (this._drag) {
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this._drag = false;
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this.play();
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}
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});
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// touch
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cv.addEventListener('touchstart', e => {
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if (e.touches.length !== 1) return;
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const { bx, by } = this._bobPos();
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const r = cv.getBoundingClientRect();
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const mx = (e.touches[0].clientX - r.left) * (this.W / r.width);
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const my = (e.touches[0].clientY - r.top) * (this.H / r.height);
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if (Math.hypot(mx - bx, my - by) < 40) {
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this._drag = true;
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this.pause();
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}
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}, { passive: true });
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cv.addEventListener('touchmove', e => {
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if (!this._drag) return;
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e.preventDefault();
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const r = cv.getBoundingClientRect();
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const mx = (e.touches[0].clientX - r.left) * (this.W / r.width);
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const my = (e.touches[0].clientY - r.top) * (this.H / r.height);
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const { px, py } = this._bobPos();
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this.theta = Math.atan2(mx - px, my - py);
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this.omega = 0;
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this._clearTrail();
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this.draw();
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this._emit();
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}, { passive: false });
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cv.addEventListener('touchend', () => {
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if (this._drag) { this._drag = false; this.play(); }
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});
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}
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}
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/* ─── lab UI init ─────────────────────────────────── */
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var pendSim = null;
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function _openPendulum() {
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document.getElementById('sim-topbar-title').textContent = 'Маятник';
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_simShow('sim-pendulum');
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_registerSimState('pendulum', () => pendSim?.getParams(), st => pendSim?.setParams(st));
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if (_embedMode) _startStateEmit('pendulum');
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requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(() => {
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if (!pendSim) {
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pendSim = new PendulumSim(document.getElementById('pendulum-canvas'));
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pendSim.onUpdate = _pendUpdateUI;
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}
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pendSim.fit();
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pendSim.play();
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}));
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}
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function pendParam(name, val) {
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const v = parseFloat(val);
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const ids = { theta: 'pend-theta-val', L: 'pend-L-val', g: 'pend-g-val', damping: 'pend-damp-val' };
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const el = document.getElementById(ids[name]);
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if (el) el.textContent = v % 1 === 0 ? v : v.toFixed(name === 'g' ? 2 : 1);
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if (pendSim) pendSim.setParams({ [name]: v });
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}
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function pendPreset(theta, L, g, damp) {
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document.getElementById('sl-pend-theta').value = theta; document.getElementById('pend-theta-val').textContent = theta;
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document.getElementById('sl-pend-L').value = L; document.getElementById('pend-L-val').textContent = L;
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document.getElementById('sl-pend-g').value = g; document.getElementById('pend-g-val').textContent = g;
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document.getElementById('sl-pend-damp').value = damp; document.getElementById('pend-damp-val').textContent = damp;
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if (pendSim) {
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pendSim.setParams({ theta, L, g, damping: damp });
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pendSim.play();
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}
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}
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function _pendUpdateUI(info) {
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const v = (id, val) => { const el = document.getElementById(id); if (el) el.textContent = val; };
|
||
v('pendbar-v1', info.angle);
|
||
v('pendbar-v2', info.omega);
|
||
v('pendbar-v3', info.period);
|
||
v('pendbar-v4', info.energy);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* ── equilibrium ── */
|
||
|